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JANES'S 

UP-TO-NOW 

Doctor Book and Readv 
Remedies for the Hor«e 



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JANES'S 

UP-TO-NOW 



Doctor Book and Ready 
Remedies for the Horse 



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Cop3Tight 1913, by 

S. R. JANES, D. V. S. 

Turon, Kansas 



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S. R. JANES 
Author 



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BIOGRAPHY 

The subject of this sketch was born in Elk 
County, Kansas, in 1876. His parents moved to 
Ness County, Kansas, in the spring of 1878. 
When teh country was very new, it was not un- 
common for nearest neighbors to be eight and ten 
miles apart, limes were hard and crop failures 
plenty, and when we did raise anything, we had 
to market it with an ox team thirty-five miles 
to a rail road, usually taking a week to go to town 
and back. Talk about hard times, we knew what 
hard times was. Many a time Johnny Cake and 
cooked wheat looked good while at other times 
we would try beef tongue and ox tail soup, try- 
ing to make both ends meet. 

Schools were not very plenty, and not above 
the average at that, so I received my education 
(what little I have) at a country sod school house, 
hence I have never been troubled to any great 
extent with a literary inspiration. But in early 
life, I evinced a fondness for horses and began 
a study of the horse and his many ills, and at an 
early age began to buy horses for the market 
being known in many places as the "Kid" horse 
buyer, finally taking up the Veterinary Dentis- 
try, wihch profession I have pursued most vigor- 
ously for the past fifteen years with very satis- 



factorily results to my self and customers as well. 

Having been requested many times to write 
a book that would contain just what the farmer 
and horseman needed and no more and yet at 
a price within the reach of all, am at last to ex- 
pose the product of my think tank in book form, 
so if this book does not come up to your expecta- 
tion, there is one palliating excuse, however that 
hi hereby respectfully submitted. 

I grew up in Western Kansas. Tn fifteen 
years practice, have acquired a piece of land, a 
small house in town, and blessed with a wife that 
is a good cook and two sweet little daughters, 
and a good practice, second to none in the State 
and what more could a man ask for. Now after 
all this humiliating explanation, there may be 
some that cannot understand why this book was 
written. Well I didn't write it, it's printed "C." 



PREFACE 



The author of this book is personally known 
to me, having had occasion to call him in cases 
of sickness among my horses for many years and 
can say that he is one of the gifted ones of his 
profession, in fact he has the gift to discern the 
nature of the disease with which his patient is 
suffering and seldom if ever misses his diagnosis. 
The fact of him being in possession of this gift 
well qualifies him for the task he has undertaken. 
Through this book he seeks to give his friends, 
the farmers and horsemen, the benefit of his 
years experience. 

The fact that the author is well known over 
several states as a leading veterinary surgeon, 
coupled with the fact that he has cut out all non 
essentials pertaining to the horse and condensed 
it into a small volume of instructions on the 
common every day ailments; breeding, raising, 
feeding and treating the horse together with 
many valuable receipts should make it one of the 
most popular veterinary books ever published, 
and we do not think it will take much of a prophet 
to forecast for him universal success in his under- 
taking. JAMES H. WOOD. 

This preface was written by a gentleman well 
known throughout this section of the country 
"especially" as a lover of fine horses and consid- 
ered by horse men to be good authority in matters 



pertaining to the horse, and being at this time 
ergaged in the breeding of one of the finest types 
of German coach horses in the United States. 

Having learned I was getting out a "right 
now" doctor book; he volunteered to write the 
preface, which is here given as a short concise 
introduction to the author's own efforts, with an 
esteemed appreciation of the high compliment 
paid him by this lover of the horse family, the 
publication of which needs no apology consider- 
ing the source from whence it came. 



Treatment of Horses Teeth 

The horse's teeth and their relation to the 
horse's health, in bringing this little book to the 
farmer and horseman, I do not do it thinking that 
it will fill a long felt want, but a short felt need. 

Having specialized in dentistry for fifteen 
years, I believe I am in a position to render a 
large service to the horseman in this time. When 
I first took up the veterinary work, fifteen years 
ago, one of the first things I learned was that 
not every man that wore the title D. V. S., was 
a horse dentist having come in contact with three 
year old colts with lumps on the face and to my 
surprise many times their owner never dreamed 
of them having bad teeth and in other cases the 
farmer had some "hoss-doctor" or "tooth carpen- 
ter" to butcher away on his colt only to leave 
him in a worse condition than he found him. 
Now colts are just like children. Many children 
do not shed their first or milk teeth and what is 



8 Janes's Up-to-Now 

the result? I will tell you briefly their perma- 
nent teeth are there and will, as surely and cer- 
tainly grow as they are there. Then if the first 
or milk teeth do not shed the other teeth will 
crowd in anyway and as a natural result the child 
goes through life with a mouthfull of crooked 
teeth ; where as if a little attention at the proper 
time had been paid them, they could have had 
a nice even set of teeth. Now colts have the 
same trouble in shedding their milk caps, hence 
the permanent teeth grow and instead of grow- 
ing around the milk caps they only grow up 
through the superior maxilla or face bone, if it 
is the upper teeth, and in case it is the lower 
teeth they grow down through the lower jaw, 
causing lumps to come on the jaw the same as 
on the face in case it is the upper caps. 

Now fifteen or twenty years ago, a great many 
people were laboring under the impression that 
wolf teeth also commonly called blind teeth, were 
the cause of the lumps on the young horses head. 

Then about the first thing in order^ was to 
take him to the blacksmith shop and use a ham- 
mer and punch it trying to knock out the blind 



Doctor and Receipt Book 9 

teeth, and in many cases where the poor 
dumb animal objected to this form of torture (as 
that was all you could call it) , they were thrown, 
hog tied, and again subjected to a vigorous pound- 
ing on the teeth with about a four pound ham- 
mer, perhaps on the right tooth, perhaps not. 
Mostly not on account of laboring under a mis- 
taken idea. Thanks be to Heaven this cruel prac- 
tice is being fast banished from our fair land. 

Twenty years ago, the rough uncouth man, 
with about every other word an oath, and from a 
quart to a half gallon of booze in his grip, was 
a common characteristic of the "hoss-doctor ;" 
but these quacks are being relegated to the Attic 
of Oblivion and are being replaced by clean manly 
mien in a great many instances, that are gradu- 
ates from recognized Veterinary Colleges and are 
well qualified for their position. Silch men 
should be honored and supported accordingly. It 
is an undisputed fact that such men as these, 
are an absolute necessity in every community. 
But on the other hand, there are those unprin- 
cipled men who have nothing good at heart for 
either man or beast, and only wish to load them- 



10 Janes's Up-to-Now 

selves down with ill gotten dollars. 

May the day soon come when these men, even 
though they are competent, have to take their 
place among the class first mentioned and also 
be relegated to the attic of the has beens, on 
account of there being no place for them in the 
class of the Twentieth Century Veterinary Sur- 
geon. 

But now, lest I forget, will proceed with my 
subject. In the first place, a horse cannot be 
a good sound, serviceable horse unless he has 
good teeth with which he can masticate his food. 
When a horse has sharp molars, a long tooth or 
an ulcerated tooth, he cannot thrive as he should. 
Hence, he cannot stand the work he otherwise 
could, but these three are not so serious a sub- 
ject as the milk cap problem, yet it is given more 
attention than the coming three year old colt 
ever has. 

This one subject is worth many many times 
the price of this book if the horseman and farmer 
will read and thoroughly digest these truths. 

As I said in the beginning of this article, not 
every man that was, or called himself "Doc," 



Doctor and Receipt Book 11 

was a horse dentist and in the first twelve months 
of my practice I had occasion to examine no less 
than twenty colts that the owners had looked 
after his milk caps and though there were a 
large number of veterinaries represented in this 
number of colts, I found in every case they had 
over-looked from one to four and five milk caps 
in each mouth. By this time I had thoroughly 
made up my mind that one thing I would do and 
that was to master the milk cap problem or quit 
the business; and while I met with failures occa- 
sionally, it only made me more determined to go 
after it all the harder, and in the period of six 
years, I got so I would never fail on a milk cap 
and could tell without even looking in the mouth. 
By just feeling them. 

In the last lifteen years, I believe I am safe 
in saying, that I have run across at least five 
hundred colts that other men had worked on 
their teeth and supposed to have removed the 
milk caps, but had failed to discover them, and 
in this same number of years, have known of at 
least fifteen colts that their death could be traced 
directly to the dentist that had worked on their 



12 Janes's Up-to-Now 

teeth. Either by breaking off some of the per- 
manent teeth, thinking they were milk caps where 
they were not, or by trephining, which is a great 
hobby with some, mostly because there is from 
$5.00 to $10.00 in it, when if they would take 
their forcepts and remove the caps, they would 
only have about a $2.00 or $3.00 job. 

I practiced this method of trephining the first 
two years of my practice and found it to be a fail- 
ure, so quit it and have since condemned it, both 
public and private. Of course there may be a 
few that would do better by trephining, but they 
are very scarce. 

I have been called on many times to trephine 
? young horse that had a lump on his face from 
the cap not shedding. The owner had been ad- 
vised by some "Veterinary" that this was the 
only way the tooth could be removed, but to his 
surprise I refused to take a punch and hammer 
and knock it out, which system is known as 
trephining, but would simply take my forceps 
and remove a few caps and usually in course of ^ 
few weeks, the lumps would gradually disappear. 
Of course they will not always go away, neither 



Doctor and Receipt Book 13 

will they go by the method of trephining. 

I cannot remember the number of men that 
have come to me in time and have said, "Doctor, 
I wish I had taken your advice and not had my 
horse trephined as the lump is still there and a 
running sore with it." 

The most important of all teeth on the horse, 
is on the coming three year old colt. As I have 
said before, if the colt sheds his milk caps as he 
should, and gets a nice straight set of permanent 
teeth, he will usually have good teeth until he 
is well up in his teens. On the other hand, if 
his caps are allowed to remain on too long and 
cause crooked, irregular jaw teeth, (that is his 
permanent teeth) you can see plainly that though 
you have his teeth dressed every year, he still 
has a crooked set of teeth. So do not forget this 
one thing, if you discard the balance of the book. 

Bad teeth in horses cause at least forty per 
cent of the sickness the horse is heir to, such as ; 
impaction, indigestion, colic, and many other ail- 
ments. So it behooves the farmer to see to it 
th; ' 's best friend on the farm, the horse, has 
h'' .h in first class condition. 



14 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Not more than four years ago, I was called 
to see a filly three years old or coming three, had 
only been sick about two hours when I got there, 
but I told the owner there was very little hope 
of her getting well and in a few hours she died. 
Now this same man did not believe in having his 
horses teeth looked after as he put it. Nature 
would look after them. In about eighteen 
months, I was at this man's place and went out 
in the pasture where he had this filly and got the 
skull which showed very clearly she had not shed 
any of her milk caps. In one or two of them, 
there were small parts rotted out and in these 
cavities were rotted food. Now while this filly 
was living, this decayed food would pass into her 
system every day or two and then these places 
would fill again with fresh food, only to rot and 
pass on in to the system poisoning the blood; and 
there is no doubt in my mind, but this filly's 
death was caused by bad teeth. Yet I am fre- 
quently confronted with a wise horseman that 
will remark "Oh ! my horses teeth are alright, as 
they are all young." This is a bad mistake, as 
young horses are the ones that need the best 



Doctor and Receipt Book 15 

attention until after they have shed their caps. 

Colts usually begin to drop their caps at about 
thirty months old and by the time they are forty 
months old they should all be gone. Of course 
there are some that will shed a little earlier than 
this and some go until they are nearly four years 
old. But these cases are very rare, and now 
say Mr. Farmer, let me tell you right here, in all 
the dental work you have done, this is the most 
important of all, and you should know your man 
is thoroughly qualified to do this work as he cai]^ 
make you big money by removing these caps as 
they should be, or he can lose you money by 
not taking all the caps off that are ripe. There 
has been a great amount of damage done on young 
horses mouths by unqualified men trying to re- 
move caps or what they thought were caps, but 
proved later to be permanent teeth. 

The first three jaw teeth are all the ones that 
shed and in case the dentist tries to pull caps 
farther back, stop him at once, as he is not on to 
his job. 

Now not all men make this mistake inten- 
tionally just for the coin they get out of it. But 



16 Janes's Up-to-Now 

a ^eat many really think they are pulling on 
caps, as the milk cap and permanent tooth are 
very much alike just to look at them in the 
mouth, but by observing more closely, you will 
notice that the cap is darker in color and has 
a much smoother surface than the new or per- 
manent tooth, which invariably has a very deep 
groove on the face of the tooth. Of course, there 
are cases that the milk cap is nearly white. By 
looking into the horse's mouth, you can notice 
a depression in the teeth and usually this is very 
light in color and you can count every time this 
is a milk cap wore down very thin. 

I heard of a colt in 1906 on my travel, that 
the man said he had got a dentist to remove the 
caps, and in about six or seven days the horse 
died. This colt was coming four years old and 
this man said he did not believe in this dental 
work on the colts. Of course this was enough 
to disgust anyone, as his colt was the making of a 
fifteen hundred or sixteen hundred pound horse, 
and this was his first dental work on horses. I 
learned where he had taken the colt after death, 
and sent a young man (then a student of mine) 



Doctor and Receipt Book 17 

over to his farm to secure this colt's head, and 
on his return, we placed it in a tub of lye water 
until we got all the flesh off, then the secret 
was out. The dentist had broken off five of this 
colt's permanent molars, thinking he was pulling 
at milk caps, and had split the jaw bone in several 
places. Chances are, this colt died from lock- 
jaw; from the awful pain caused by this prying 
on these teeth. This is only one case in dozens 
1 have run across in my travels. 

Shortly after this, I had a talk with a farmer 
that had just had a colt trephined. It had a 
very large lump on the face and of course "Mr. 
Dentist" wanted some experience in this line, and 
told the good old farmer that there was only one 
way that this tooth could be removed and that 
was to trephine or punch it out, and of course he 
gave his consent to the operation and willingly 
paid the $5.00. But he was out a good horse, be- 
sides being $5.00 wiser. After he had related his 
experience to me, and also requested me to come 
to his place and look his herd over, I made a date 
to go and also got him to go to the boneyard 
and bring this colt's head he had trephined, to 



18 Janes's Up-to-Now 

the house for me telling him how he would find 
the caps all hanging on, which he found as soon 
as he looked at the horse's skull, and also the 
skull showed very plainly the operator had driven 
his punch through in to the roof of the colt's 
mouth instead of slanting with the face bone 
the way the tooth set in the jaw. 

Now, my dear Mr. Horseman, if this book of 
mine will only convert men to this idea of mine 
not to allow your horse to be subjected to this 
cruel and barbarous treatment of trephining. 
I shall feel amply paid for all my labor in pre- 
paring this work, by knowing I have been the 
cause of relieving a few dumjb animals of a great 
amount of suffering. 

The dressing of the older horse's teeth is also 
important, but not so much so as the colt, as 
there can not be the harm done on them, as on 
the colt. The first thing to observe when the 
operator begins to use his float, is to see that he 
runs it on the outer edge of the upper molars 
and the insides of the lower molars. If he at- 
tempts to run the float on the face of the tooth, 
you may know he is a green hand at the busi- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 19 

ness and stop him at once, or he will ruin the 
horse's mouth, as the face of the tooth should 
never be touched with the float, because the burr 
or mill which is the rough surface of the face 
of the tooth, was put there by Nature, to 
grind the food and should this be filed down 
smooth, the food will slip out of the teeth and 
the animal cannot grind it. 

I have quite often had a farmer say to me 
when I would ask them about their horses teeth, 
that I just had my horse's teeth dressed and now 
he cannot eat at all, and many times on examina- 
tion, I found that they had absolutely floated 
all the rough surface off the tooth. Now, it does 
not take much of a horseman to tell if the dentist 
is running his float on the corners of the teeth 
or on the surface and this should not be allowed 
under any circumstances. 



Blind Staggers and Its Causes 

This subject is one of vital importance to 
horsemen of Kansas, and many other states as 
well. Kansas alone has lost millions of dollars 
worth of horses in the last ten years from stag- 
gers in its many forms, and will continue to lose 
them for many years to come, or some people will 
at least. 

Now I expect many people to differ with me 
in regard to belief as to the cause of blind stag- 
gers and I am perfectly willing that they should, 
as up to date, no one has ever been able to give 
the cause and thoroughly demonstrate it to the 
satisfaction of anyone. As the horse seems to 
have the staggers on dry hay, corn, fodder, kaf- 
fir corn, straw, green wheat or under any other 
conditions, but in as much as I have the record 
of curing as many or more cases of staggers than 
any one in the state of Kansas, I think my opin- 
ion in this matter is worthy of at least an ex- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 21 

pression and while some critics may say I am 
radical on this subject, I want to go on record as 
having said fifty per cent of the cases of blind 
staggers could be avoided with proper care, by 
looking after their having pure or clean water, 
plenty of salt and above all things, keep them 
strictly out of the stalk fields. Now I maintain 
that anything that will cause indigestion or im- 
paction, will cause staggers, as you seldom see a 
horse with the staggers unless he is clogged to a 
certain extent. Many of my readers have no 
doubt at times suffered with an attack of bilious- 
ness. When on rising to your feet you would 
be very dizzy, in fact nearly blind and then 
again you have had light attacks of Auto Intox- 
ication, which is far worse than just being a 
little bilious, as in the latter the system has taken 
up the poison by or through the blood and 
carried it all through the body, hence a sluggish 
liver or a badly deranged system. The blood is 
thick and very black. Now it is a well known 
fact, that horses suffer from a great number 
of diseases that the human family is heir to and 
I maintain that horses, like the human, can be 



22 Janes's Up-to-Now 

and are subject to auto intoxication and the treat- 
ment of staggers is very much like the treatment 
of Auto intoxication in man. 

If I can get a horse's bowels open in good 
shape, and his kidneys to act freely, I consider 
I have him on the road to recovery. In case he 
is very blind, I usually bleed him freely to com- 
mence with, but advise in all cases to call in a 
veterinary surgeon, if there s one to be had. 

But now, Mr. Farmer, if you will always ob- 
serve these rules, you will seldom, if ever, lose 
an animal with staggers. Never feed corn fod- 
der, never feed wormy corn as the worm dust is 
absolutely indigestible. Never feed horses where 
they have to eat their grain off the ground, this 
will prove an expensive habit. Never feed old 
half rotted hay, as there is no nourishment in it. 
Never feed kaffir corn or wheat straw too long 
without changing feed on your horses. Never 
keep your horses closed up in a tight bam, re- 
member pure air is as essestial to health in 
beast as in man; and also that he should have 
some salt occasionally and above all things, never 
soak corn in the summer time longer than from 



Doctor and Receipt Book 23 

one feed until the next, and always use fresh 
water each time, as the habit of having sour 
corn may cost you a good horse when least ex- 
pected. Horses, like men, like good clean food 
as well as an occasonal change in diet. 

I have had the experience of going through 
two or three bad epidemics of staggers. The 
last one in the winter of 1905 and 1906, when 
Pratt county is said to have lost around three 
thousand head and Reno and Harvey, each lost 
hundreds of heads, and I noticed over all my ter- 
ritory some men feeding some kaffir fodder and 
from all appearances caring for their horses just 
as the other farmers were that were losing hors- 
es, but on investigating more closely I learned 
that the "lucky ones" as they were termed, were 
not lucky, but had just used better judgment in 
the care, by way of changing feed often. Hav- 
ing plenty of, salt in a clean box at all times 
where his horses could get to it. Always remem- 
ber when changing feed, do it very gradual for 
instance, if you wish to change from prairie hay 
to mowed feed of any kind, or alfalfa, give them 
a little at a time until they get accustomed to it. 



24 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Many men are good to ther horses in the way 
of feeding, and really some times are too good, 
by giving them more than they should have. The 
result is a bad case of colic. This is why I have 
made the assertion that fifty per cent of cases 
of staggers could be avoided by proper care. 



Colic, It's Cause and Remedy 

As most farmers are very familiar with the 
various forms of colic, I shall only say a very 
few words on this subject. In the first place, one 
of the most common causes of colic is over-feed- 
ing and then another cause is hard driving on a 
full stomach, quite often a horse brought in off 
a hard drive or out of the field and allowed all 
the cool water it wants, which will naturally re- 
tard digestion. When the horse has partly eaten 
his food he will be noticed to stop eating and 
show signs of pain, and in a few minutes the 
owner has found a drench bottle and has a nice 
bunch of soda and sweet milk. Then in about 
fifteen minutes, this is followed by some other 
mixture, maybe molasses and vinegar, and in 
case this does not work, some knowing one has a 
sharp knife and bleeds the horse in the roof of 
the mouth and if this fails, some other remedy is 
suggested and eventually the horse is real sick 
and the owner is ready to call a veterinary after 



26 Janes's Up-to-Now 

it is too late for the proper medicine to work. 
Now here is my advice on this subject. \If you 
are not sure it is colic, give none of the so-called 
colic cures, and in case you are sure it is colic, 
then give no medicine, unless you know the chem- 
ical action of it. 

I will give you one of the best all purpose 
colic cure receipts here I know of, and this sel- 
dom ever fails to give relief: 

Raw Oil oz. 24 

Turpentine oz. 1 

Tinct. Assafoetida oz. 1 

Chloroform oz. 1 

Tinct. Capsicum drams 1 

Mix and give as one dose. 
In addition to the above causes for colic, I 
might add that bad teeth are a very common 
cause, hence, it is advisable to have your horses 
teeth looked after occasionally; if they have a 
long tooth, have it cut off. Do not allow any one 
to rasp it down as they are apt to ruin the face of 
the. other teeth before they get it short enough. 
If the edges are rough or they have a decayed 
tooth, it should be looked after. 



Bots in Horses 

Although there is but a few weeks in each 
year that the horse is free from the hot, it seldom 
causes trouble; but when they do, it usually ter- 
minates fatal. The gadfly deposits its egg on the 
horses coats during the latter months of the year, 
only to be taken off into the system later on by 
the horse biting at itself and getting some of the 
hair that hold these eggs into its mouth, then of 
course they are hatched out in the horse and as a 
general rule in due course of time pass on through 
wthout doing any damage. As a rule when they 
do affect the horse, there is very little that can 
be done, unless you can determine at once that 
this is what is wrong, as they set to work at once 
and burrow their bill into the lining of the stom- 
ach so deep that no medicine will reach them. 

Here is an old fashioned remedy that is about 
as good as any and some claim that they never 



28 Janes's Up-to-Now 

fail with this remedy if taken in time. Here is 
the receipt: take of each, 

Common Sorghum Molasses 1-2 pint 

Hom|s Made Soap (soft) 1-2 pint 

Sweet Milk or Cream 1-2 pint 

Mix and give as one dose. 

The bots naturally let go and begin to eat on 
the sweets or molasses. The soft soap acts as a 
physic and sends them on through the horse, and 
the cream saves any bad effect on the stomach 
from the soap. 



Pin Worms and How Treated 

These are a yellowish white worm, usually 
tapers at both ends, and lives and thrives in the 
horse's intestines under a great many different 
conditions, but seldom proves fatal. Usually this 
worm affects the horse more in the fall and win- 
ter than any other time of the year. This being 
on account of the animal being fed on dry feed. 
Now as these worms vary in size, color and na- 
ture, but very little, I shall treat them all as one 
family, as I have found by experience, what kills 
one kind, kills all. Hence there is no use to go 
into detail of all these different species, such as 
teres-lumbrici, strongyli; oxyures, filaria, and 
many others. In fact there are some thirty odd 
number of different worms, but in reality they 
are nearly all the same and my cure in these 
cases may seem so simple to some, to try in that 
event you will have to hunt a veterinary who will 
fix you up all right and as a rule make you pay 



30 Janes's Up-to-Now 

enough to think the remedy is all right and a 
winner. 

In the first place when your horse has worms, 
he will as a rule show it around the annus by 
small white substances sticking to him. Then in 
many cases your horse will be very thin and his 
hair look bad. If you are certain he has worms, 
the first place cut down his rations by just giving 
him bran mixed with a little oil meal for a day or 
two. Then say, in the morning of the third day, 
just give him water and in the evening give him 
the following physic : 

Raw Oil - 1 pint 

Bitter Aloes 1/2 ounce 

Calomel 2 drams 

Give this as one dose, and as a rule the worms 
disappear. 

Sometimes it is well to follow up with the fol- 
lowing tonic: Tartar emetic, each one ounce, 1 
Q. and S. Tablets No. 20. Mix and add one 
pound oil meal and give two tablespoonfulls in 
feed three times daily. 



Sore Eyes and How Treated 

There is no other one ailment to which the 
horse is heir to in this Twentieth Century, that is 
so little understod as this one, and no other ill of 
the horse is so universally mistreated as this one 
of sore eyes. About the first thing the farmer 
does when he finds one of his horses has a sore 
eye, it matters not whether it is conjunctivitis or 
what it may be, he dumps a handful of salt into 
the eye. Naturally adding insult to injury and 
in case this does not work he dumps in some 
burnt alum or puts in some calomel. Now, imag- 
ine putting calomel in a sore eye. It is no won- 
der some men never have any luck with horses. 
It matters not what is the matter with your 
horses' eyes, never put salt, alum, calomel, blue- 
vitriol or white vitriol in teh eye, especially full 
strength. 

Here is a good remedy in case of sore eyes, in 
fact about the best there is for all kinds of sore 



32 Janes's Up-to-Now 

eyes, such as inflarr^mation, caused by a kick or 
getting hurt in any way. Take protargol grains 
40, water two ounces, drop a few drops in the eye 
in the morning, then get atropine sulphate, grains 
15, water one and one-half ounces, and drop in 
the eye in the evening. Of each of these just use 
once daily. One in the morning and the other in 
the evening. 



Lamanitis or Flounder 

This is a very common complaint. As I am 
called to attend founder quite frequently, I 
shall instruct my reader in a very short and con- 
cise way as how to treat this trouble as well as 
how to prevent same. Of course in case you let 
a horse get to grain and gorge himself, as hap- 
pens once in a while in case of accident, this 
method of preventing does not apply. But in 
many cases such as water founder, wind founder 
and so on, you can invariably avoid this by a 
little precaution. Wind founder usually comes 
from hard driving and then stopping your team 
where they are in a draught. This only takes a 
very few minutes to wind founder some horses, 
dependng of course on conditions and then comes 
grain founder, which is as a general rule an acci- 
dent, but can be caused by feeding a large feed of 
grain while the animal is too warm. This can 
easily be avoided by allowing the horse to cool a 
few minutes before you feed. This also applies 



34 Janes's Up-to-Now 

to water founder. Some men bring their horses 
in from a drive red hot and turn them to a tank 
to fill up, which is a bad habit. Of course, most 
authority agree it is not the quantity of water 
that founders, but is as a rule the first few swal- 
lows. If this be true, which I think it is, we 
should be very careful not to let our horse drink 
too fast to begin with. In case you get a founder, 
the first thing give a physic and in case it is a 
grain founder, you should see to it that your horse 
gets a good physic. The following is a very good 
physic : 

Bitter Aloes 2 ounces. 

Raw Oil 1 quart 

Give as one dose. One-half of this amount is 
plenty in any other founder, but grain founder, 
then bleed in the button at the back of the pas- 
tern joint by splitting open with your knife, see 
that the animal bleeds at least one quart from 
him one teaspoonful nitrate potash in a bran mash 
twice daily. In case he is so badly foundered he 
won't eat, give this potash on his tongue and if he 
is very stiff take a common flat iron and heat 



Doctor and Receipt Book 35 

quite hot, turn the foot upside down and fill with 
turpentine and then place a piece of hea\ y brown 
paper over the turpentine and put on the hot iron 
until the turpentine has all disappeared Into the 
foot and then proceed to treat the rest of the feet 
the same way and you will soon have a well horse. 
I have cured some of the worst cases of founder 
I have ever seen in two or three days by this 
treatment. This alone, is worth five times the 
cost of this book to any horseman and will, in case 
it is carried out save a many case of contracted 
feet, which as a rule renders the horse unfit for 
service, as well as valueless. 



Contracted Hoofs 

As this trouble follows founder, I shall give 
you a short insight to its cause and treatment. In 
the first place, founder neglected and let go cause 
many cases of contracted feet. Then there are 
many other causes such as poor shoeing, hard 
driving on long drives and hard roads, sometimes 
cause contracted feet, partially Mue to the great 
exertion and over amount of blood passing 
to the extremities and allowing them to cool off 
while standing. Bruises on the feet also cause 
contracted hoofs. If the case is one of long stand- 
ing, there is no cure for them. But any case can 
be greatly helped and in event it has not affected 
the inside of the foot seriously, they can be cured 

by the following treatment : 

In the first place, pare the hoof do\vn about 
all it will stand, then get you two gallons of raw 
oil, place about one quart good and warm in some 
flat iron kettle, large enough that will hold the 



Doctor and Receipt Book 37 

horse's foot, then have about one-half gallon oil 
boiling hot in another vessel and pour it into this 
iron kettle until you get it as hot as the horse will 
stand it, and keep it there for about thirty min- 
utes, and repeat it twice a week for about four 
weeks and occasionally paint the hoof with the 
following hoof ointment: 

Neats Foot Oil 8 oz. 

Oil Tar 8 oz. 

TuiTDentine 4 oz. 

Oil Organum 4 oz. 

Apply on hoof with feather. 



Sweeney 



This is caused by the muscles shrinking away 
and the membrane adhering to the scapula or the 
shoulder blade, and may be caused by hard pull- 
ing, a loose fitting collar, a slip, strain or various 
other causes. In a short time the horse will go 
lame and in course of a few days you will notice 
the shoulders begin to wither away. The major- 
ity of these cases are caused when breaking the 
colt, and if the one breaking the colt would ex- 
ercise more care and judgment, nine-tenths of 
these cases could be avoided. In case you are 
unfortunate enough to have one of these cases, 
you can very handy cure it without laying your 
horse off. Of course unless this is treated right, 
it is sometimes a very stubborn proposition, as I 
have known cases that had been treated by vari- 
ous ones for as high as two or three years with- 
out effecting a cure, and of course when let run 
this long, are very hard to cure. In the first 



Doctor and Receipt Book 39 

place, every one has a cure for Sweeney. They 
split the skin, drop in a dimie and occasionally one 
gets well Then again, they fill the shoulder up 
with turpentine or blister it until it very near 
brings hair, hide and all off, and so on, but the 
horse still has the Sweeney. Some split a small 
place in the shoulder and fill with air. This is 
very effectual if you perform the operation right, 
but be sure and see that you have the air under 
the membrane. That is adhered to the scapula 
or your work is a failure. 

The best and surest way, is to insert a rowel. 
Take a soft pine stick about fourteen inches long, 
shave in shape of a paddle, then prepare a strip 
of muslin about two feet long and three inches 
wide. Mix equal parts lard and turpentine and 
saturate the musling, then with a sharp knife, 
split the skin in the center and at the top of the 
Sweeney then insert your paddle and work the 
membrane loose carefully until you have it all 
loose clear to the bottom of the sunken place, 
then cut out a hole at the bottom and have a 
hole or eye in the end of the stick and bring it up 
through the opening at the top and tie v-he ends 



40 Janes's Up-to-Now 

together and secure the animal in some way, so it 
will not tear this out and be sure and change this 
strip every three or four days and leave it in 
there fourteen days. When you can remove it 
with safety but be sure and turn this string every 
day and do not leave one string in longer than four 
days without replacing it wth a clean strip. This 
is the treatment that never fails on sweeney. But 
my advice, in case you are not handy with instru- 
ments, is to call in a veterinary surgeon to oper- 
ate on your horse to commence with and do the 
changing later on yourself. 



LampaSy Cause and Treatment 

This is a very common trouble, but one that 
seldom bothers the horse as much as it does the 
horse's owner. I have had countless numbers of 
these cases in niy fifteen years' practice and can- 
not call to mind of ever charging a man yet to 
treat his horse for lampas, it being so simple, I 
would show him so he could treat his horse ever 
after. In years gone by, men were accustomed 
to burning the horse for this trouble. But in 
this Twentieth Century, a man would be arrest- 
ed for such cruel and barbarious treatment to his 
dumb animal. In the first place in order to treat 
this insignificant ailment, you must first under- 
stand the cause of the trouble, which I will give 
you in a few words. 

It is caused by the first bar of the upper pal- 
ate adhering to the incisor teeth, this causes an 
irritation and the gums swell and naturally in- 
terfere with their eating. Now in the first place, 



42 Janes's Up-to-Now 

take the tongue in the left hand, draw it out of 
the mouth far enough to admit of you getting your 
other hand in the mouth and with your thumb 
scrape the gums loose from the upper front teeth. 
It may become necessary to do this two or three 
times in some cases. But in case you do, rub a 
little salt in the gums and teeth, this will have a 
tendency to expedite matters some. A man 
should never allow anyone to burn or cut his 
horse's gums for the lampas. If the veterinary 
has no better sense, the farmers should have. 



Collar Boils and Sore Necks 

While I am talking- on the common ailments of 
the horse, must not overlook these two, as I have 
them to contend with in great numbers every 
year, and these two, like the sweeney, could be in 
a large measure avoided with plenty of good judg- 
ment and a little foresight. Many times an ill- 
fitting collar starts a sore neck or shoulder, and 
as a rule at the busiest time of the year, just 
when the farmer feels he cannot lay the horse 
off even for a few days. 

As a rule these cases are started in the spring 
of the year after the horse has had an all winter's 
rest. The shoulders and neck, as well as the rest 
of the body, are soft and tender, and are thrown 
into the collar many times that fit in the fall but 
in the spring is no ways near a fit. But, of 
course, the poor horse cannot talk and tell his 
troubles, hence he trudges along day in and day 
out, his neck and shoulders are getting sore, but 



44 Jones's Up-to-Now 

the thoughtless driver never suspects the horse 
has a sore neck, until by chance he happens to pull 
on the hame a little hard or catches him by the 
neck while harnessing him, then if he is a lover 
of the horse, he sees to it that the horse has his 
neck and shoulders bathed two or three times a 
day in warm salt water, then thoroughly dried 
and a little oil of organum bathed on to help 
toughen them. But in case he is a howling ruf- 
fian he is more apt to take a punch at the side of 
the horse's head for even flinching under the pain 
of the sore neck. May God hasten the day when 
human beings called "men," will more fully appre- 
ciate the fact they owe a debt of gratitude to the 
horse ten thousand times larger than they do to 
some heartless men that mistreat and abuse him. 
In case your horse gets sore neck before you are 
aware of it, see to it that you have his collar ad- 
justed to his neck and shoulders perfectly and 
kep the sore dry by dusting on two parts pulv. 
alum!, two parts sulphur, one part sugar lead, 
morning, noon and night, better yet if you have 
a can of Janes' Antiseptic Healing Powder, dust 
or sprinkle on sores two or three times daily. 



Retention of the Urine 



This is usually, or quite frequently caused by 
the horse being foul. If the horse has a small 
sheath which is caused by castrating too young, 
many times, you should draw his yard and pass 
your finger around the head and also in the open- 
ing to make sure there is no hard substances 
there. Be sure and remove all foreign substances, 
then have a spoonful of grease handy and thor- 
oughly grease his yard and in ten or twelve hours 
you should take a pan of warm soap water and 
wash him out clean. Then bathe him across the 
loins with Janes' O. K. Liniment and blanket him 
for several hours. In case he has trouble of this 
nature again soon, you should give him a few 
drops oil sassafras in his feed. Say twenty or 
thirty drops twice daily for four or five days. 



Hide Bound 



This is not so much a shrinking away of the 
flesh between the skin and muscles, as it is an 
alteration of the hide itself. It usually is a dry- 
ing up of the oily substance of the skin itself. 
Hence, it becomes dry and hard. The scales to 
the cuticle no longer yields to the skin, but sep- 
arating in every direction, turns the hair and 
gives it a dead staring look, showing plainly the 
horse is in bad condition. This disease is caused 
by a deranged condition of the digestive organs. 

Treatment: First give a bran mash with 
about two drams calomel in it night and morning. 
Just give two doses of the calomel but continue 
the bran mashes for a week or so, giving about 
ten to fifteen drops Fowlers solution of arsenic 
and increase this until you are giving 60 drops 
twice daily. Give this in the bran mash and add 
to this day by day a little oil meal, say begin with 
one tablespoonful and increase until you are giv- 
ing him about four spoonfuls and your hide bound 
horse will soon be all right. 



Fistulae, Its Causes and 
Treatment 

In the first place, let me say I have met very 
few who agree entirely with me as to the cause 
of this disagreeable trouble to which the horse is 
heir to. But you well know the old saying, "Fig- 
ures do not lie" (except in gas meters), so 1 
shall give you some of my experiences with this 
disease, Early in my practice, I discovered this 
a very hard thing to cure as many men come to 
me with their horse that seemed to have been 
cured by some Vetrinary, but the disease broke 
out later on showing it had only been dried up 
and not cured. This caused me to make a hard 
study of this trouble, and as I had from six to a 
dozen cases on hand at a time treating them for 
this trouble, I certainly had plenty of study from 
the practical side of it, and also made all the 
investigations I could from a theoretical stand- 



48 Janes's Up-to-Now 

point. Many authors gave as the direct reason 
or cause for fistulae too tight a collar, a bruise 
and such other causes as is well known to all 
horsemen. Working on this theory for a number 
of years, with more or less failure, until the 
spring of 1902, after having made a tour of 
Oklahoma and Texas, at my professional work 
in which states I found fistulae to be a very 
common ailment. 

Then following this experience with a tour 
over the states of Minnesota and the Dakotas, 
and over many of the provinces of Canada, only 
to find a very few cases of fistulae in all this 
northern country. Hence I arrived at the follow- 
ing conclusion. That this disease was of a scrof- 
ulous nature, this disease being more numerous 
h\ the south than in the north, and I began experi- 
ments along this line and in the course of two 
years I dared any man to bring me a fistulae I 
could not cure. 

Of course, there are some cases that are very 
stubborn and do not yield very readily to treat- 
ment, but if the owner gave me time I would 
always effect a cure. I never said positively I 



Doctor and Receipt Book 49 

could cure all cases until in 1905 when I ran 
across a little black mare in Oklahoma that had 
had the fistulas for about five or six years and 
the owner informed me about six different veter- 
inary surgeons had tried this case, but all had 
failed to cure. Of course he had become discour- 
aged on account he had paid out nearly $50.00 
on her and still had no cure. Hence it was up to 
me to treat her, no cure no pay. This being con- 
trary to my system, I was reluctant to begin 
operations, but on account of this mare being so 
well known, I finally agreed to treat her and 
while it took six or eight months, I at last effected 
a cure and after that treated no less than fifteen 
cases in that county. 

I am a firm believer in the day not being far 
away when some genius of the profession work- 
ing out a serum that will be an absolute cure for 
this trouble as they now have a serum that is 
being used for this trouble with some degree of 
success, showing beyond any doubt that this dis- 
ease is of a scrofulous nature. 

Now I do not claim that a strain or collar 
bruise does not play its part in bringing this 



50 Janes's Up-to-Now 

about, but is not the real cause. When this germ 
is in the system and the horse gets a bruise and 
make a home for this little germ to work in, 
hence they begin to multiply and in a short time 
you see a swollen place on the withers or wherever 
it comes, as he is subject to this trouble from his 
ears to his tail. Pole evil is no more than a 
fistulous sore. 

This is a hard disease to give treatment for 
on account of there being so many stages of it. 
Take in the beginning where it is just swollen 
and no pus formed, it can be scattered by applying 
snow liniment and rub in well, night and morning 
for two or three days. The receipt of which you 
will find farther on in this book. In case pus has 
formed, it should always be opened up in good 
shape and syringed out with some good dis- 
iiifectant, but always call a veterinarian if you 
can get one, as I have found many different 
stages of this trouble and each demands its own 
peculiar treatment. 

In case you cannot get a veterinary, you 
should open up the pus sack and insert a piece 



Doctor and Receipt Book 51 

of blue vitriol about the size of a marble, common 
size and in about three days you can lift out the 
dead sack. Then keep thoroughly clean. Some- 
times this treatment alone will cure a very bad 
case of fistulae. 



Farcy, and Its Treatment 



This is a very common ailment and one that is 
difficult to handle, unless taken as soon as it 
appears. When it affects only a local place on 
the body, it can be cured in a short time, but 
v/hen allowed to run until it spreads over the 
body it gets where it is incurable. When taken 
in time the following" receipt will effect a cure. 

Take of each Ki Iodide and Pot Bitart, two 
ounces. Make into thirty-two powders and give 
one in feed night and morning, if you see this 
is doing the work, but not enough, you can 
have it refilled. If the sores matter any, you 
should wash them with one ounce Creolin in one 
quart water. 



Warts, and How to Cure Them 

Now in the first place let me say there are 
two or three kinds of warts. Of these, the bleed- 
ing is the worst to handle and the one most likely 
to spread asj the blood from them coming in 
contact with the surface of the skin, will be 
affected and in a short time another small wart 
will appear. I have met some men that would 
remark, "Oh ! I can cure warts by tying them off." 
Now sometimes this will work, and then again 
it will fail. But this remedy will never fail if 
the wart is on the body in a place that you can 
tie close enough to get all of the wart. Tie it 
tight with a cord and as soon as it falls off, use 
the following on it until it has eaten it off down 
under the skin. 

Take of Plumbi Acitate two drams, corrosive 
sublimate and red precipitate, each two ounces. 
Powder and dust on the sore morning and evening 



54 Janes's Up-to-Date 

and when it eats it off under the skin wash off 
and dust some of Janes' Antiseptic Healing Pow- 
der morning and evening until healed up. I have 
never known this to fail where used according to 
directions. 



Stocked or Swollen Legs 



This is caused many times from sudden colds, 
heats and then again by hard, long drives and too 
long standing without exercise. In case this has 
not become chronic, give the horse, in a bran 
mash, two drams calomel, morning and evening. 
Two doses are sufficient, then bateh legs in hot 
water from the knee to the hoof as hot as the 
animal will stand. Then wipe dry and bathe 
thoroughly with the snow liniment and bandage 
up for eight to ten hours. If this trouble is not 
chronic, this will effect a cure in from one to 
three applications. 

The receipt for snow liniment is given later 
on in this work. 



Stifle 



Sometimes this will happen, that is, what 
men term stifle. But some say there is no such 
a thing as a horse being stifled. But let that 
be as it mjay, whether it is a strain of the muscle 
or the bone thrown out of joint, I will give you 
a remedy here that will help you in case you 
ever meet with this accident. Of course let me 
say here, for my part, I believe the bone slips 
just the same as a dislocated arm or shoulder in 
man. As I have been called before now to sdt 
a stifle, and on getting it to slip back it would 
pop like a gun and I do not believe the muscles 
alone would make this kind of a racket. In the 
first place, lead your horse into a narrow stall 
so he cannot turn around, then place a rope on 
his hind foot, the one you wish to replace. Bring 
the rope up through the manger and pull as hard 
as you can and at the same time have some one 



Doctor and Receipt Book 57 

to stand by the horse's hip and press in on his 
hip and as soon as it goes back, have a decoction 
made from steeping white oak bark in the water. 
Make this very strong, then bathe the hip 
muscles and leave the horse with his foot tied 
forward for eight to ten hours before you loosen 
him. Then you should bathe his hip muscles 
again. Keep him in a small place for a week or 
ten days when you are safe to turn him out. 



Strains or Swollen Tendons 



This is caused by unusual hard driving, run- 
ning, jumping, pulling, slipping and can, as a 
rule, be cured in a short time. But if on the other 
hand, is let go, sometimes becomes chronic and 
eventually renders the horse useless. As soon as 
this is noticed, you should bathe the tendons with 
hot water. Then dry and apply snow liniment or 
Janes' Liniment for Man or Beast. Then bandage 
for six to eight hours and repeat if need be. 



Bone Spavin 



This is a bony enlargement just in front of 
the hock joint on the inner side of the leg, 
usually caused by a strain or bruise which causes 
the ossification of the exudate, hence a bone en- 
largement. The most satisfactory way to treat 
them is firing and the profession think they have 
done well when they have cured fifty per cent of 
cases. I have heard of men that could cure ninety 
per cent of them, but have never met one of 
them yet. 

There are remedies such as blisters used for 
spavins, but I never advise them as they make 
the animal worse in case they fail to cure. 

Here is as good a blister as can be used on 
a spavin. Take pulverized cantharides, corrosive 
sublimate of each two drams, petrolatum two 
ounces. Clip the hair off good and cover the 
spavin with this salve and in two or three days 
use some lard on it. In case this does not effect 
a cure, repeat in six weeks. This is also as good 
for ring bones as they are the same nature as 



60 Janes's Up-to-Now 

spavins and about as hard to cure. As long as 
I am this near the feet, I shall give you a few 
words concerning their treatment and care. 

Of course many people think when it comes 
to having a horse's feet fixed up and properly 
shod, that they are past masters in the art, when 
in reality they belong in the A. B. C. class. In 
the first place when you are having a horse shod, 
never allow the shoer to dub off a great lot of the 
hoof from above. Of course, if he is the right 
kind of a workman he won't do this. If there 
is a very large amount to come off the hoof, 
it should always come off from the underneath 
side and never allow too much taken off from the 
frog, as this should always be a little longer than 
the rest of the foot. Nature put the frog there 
to protect the foot from hard jars on rough, 
solid roads and if it is pared off too much, it can 
not fulfill its mission, and then always see that 
the shoe fits nice and neat on the hoof, as I 
have seen numbers of horses' feet spoiled by poor 
shoeing. And, on the other hand, if the farrier is 
onto his job, he can be a big help in relieving 
many troubles of the feet the horse is heir to. 



Grease Heel 



In many cases, swollen legs, although separate 
and distinct from grease heel, many times ter- 
minate in inflammation of the skin of the heel 
and rarely ever comes on the front legs, due I 
believe to the hind feet being in more filth than 
the forelegs. This trouble seems to affect mares 
more often than horses. Hence, this is also proof 
of the theory that filth causes grease heel. The 
skin of the heel has a greasy feeling to the 
touch in its natural state, but when this disease 
appears, this condition changes and the skin be- 
comes dry and swollen and is on examination, 
very red and feverish. If this has been dis- 
covered before the heel has cracked open and a 
pus formation set up, it can be treated by bathing 
with a bucket of good warm water to which about 
two ounces of creolin has been added. Bathe 
thoroughly and wipe dry, then dust on freely 
Janes Antiseptic Healing Powder and repeat every 



62 Janes's Up-to-Now 

day, once at least; twice would be better. In 
case the heel has become badly cracked and pus 
has formed, then clean thoroughly and poultice 
with flax seed meal made into a mush with 
warm water and leave on eight to ten hours. 
This may have to be repeated. Which, of course, 
depends on the extent of the pus and each and 
every case, of course, will have to be treated as 
the owner thinks best. By one, two or three 
applications of poultices, then follow up with the 
first treatment mentioned by cleaning daily and 
dusting with powder and in a short time this 
disease will disappear. 



Thrush 



Next to grease heel, comes this disease called 
thrush, which also affects the feet and is caused 
many times by filth. Sometimes by a bruise. 
This is a very disagreeable discharge of matter 
from the cleft of the frog. This is very easily 
detected. If you are in doubt, just take your 
knife and open up a little and there will be a 
discharge of offensive matter. Treatment: In 
the first place, you should clean the foot as 1 
have described for cleaning for grease heel. Then 
take a piece of cotton and saturate it with equal 
parts oil tar vaseline and turpentine and push 
into the cleft far enough to keep out all dirt and 
filth. This should be repeated once daily for two 
or three days, then once every other day until 
healed, which will not take long, if this treatment 
is strictly adhered to. 



Dermatosis 
or Diseases of the Skin 

There are many types of this trouble, such as 
eczema, surfeit, parasitic eczema and a number 
of others. But as I shall give a treatment that 
will work on all these different skin diseases, I 
shall proceed to treat this trouble as one ailment. 
While they vary in technical terms, they more or 
less, all exudate and what will help one will help 
the other. 

I have found this to be a very annoying propo- 
sition to the veterinary, as well as to the farmer, 
I think due more to the difficult task of treating 
them, than to the seriousness of the malady. In 
the last few years I have become so accustomed 
to the farmers asking about this disease, espe- 
cially in new towns where I give my lectures, that 
I am really disappointed if some one does not 
come up and say, "Doctor, I have a horse that has 
the itch, can you cure him?" 



Doctor and Receipt Book 65 

Now in the first place, let me say, the most of 
these cases are curable. Why not ? They are on 
the human and family and no harder on the horse, 
if the same amount of labor and care is taken 
accordingly, but I have learned long ago that 
just using a little wash of some kind on the out- 
side will never cure this trouble. Since it is a 
disease or a germ that affects the epidermis, 
medicine used on the outside will never reach the 
cause. And by years of experimenting I have 
found a reasonably sure cure which I will give. 
Take Ki Iodide and pot. tartrate of each two 
ounces. Have made into thirty-two powders and 
give one in the feed once daily and forty tablets 
I. Q. & S. and twenty grains sulphate arsenic 
and have made into sixteen powders and give one 
in the feed once daily at the same time you are 
giving the other powders. Give one of the first 
mentioned in the feed in the morning and one of 
the others in the evening and about the tenth 
day hitch the horse and drive him until he sweats 
freely and he will sweat some of this arsenic out 
through the pores of the skin, which will reach 
and kill the germ that causes the disease. Of 



66 Janes's Up-to-Now 

course, it is necessary to wash the horse with 
a good strong solution of creolin and curry and 
clean him after you sweat him. You may have 
to sweat him two or three times in order to com- 
plete a cure. 

Of course, the second one of these troubles is 
not to be treated by the treatment I have given 
here. It is the only one in the group of skin 
diseases that do not need to be given this treat- 
ment, as its causes differ in some particulars 
from that of all the balance, in that it breaks out 
in large massive sores all over the back and hips 
and sometimes nearly covers the entire body. 
This is as a rule due to rich food or to high living. 
Hence, the first thing that should be done is to 
take the grain away from the animal and also not 
give as much hay, neither as rich a grade of hay, 
and then the animal should have plenty of exer- 
cise, and the sores on the body should be cleansed 
with warm water to which plenty of creolin has 
been added, then thoroughly dusted with Janes 
Antiseptic Healing Powder. This treatment will 
soon bring out the worst case of surfeit. This 
being the second disease referred to above. 



Gravel in the Foot 



This is a very common accident, if accident 
it may be called. As the horse gets a small gravel 
in the edge of the hoof at a seam or in some 
crevice and it gradually works on in if it is not 
discovered in time and removed. In case your 
horse goes lame without an apparent cause, be 
sure and examine his feet well. Clean them and 
if you do not discover anything in the foot, then 
wash out perfectly clean with warm water and 
dig out whereever you find the least particle of 
grit or dirt and in case you do not find anything, 
and if he continues to go lame, watch hhn close 
and you may find in the course of a week or so a 
place at the top of the hoof getting soft or 
swollen, then you should bathe his foot twice a 
day in warm water, which will have a tendency to 
expedite suppuration and as soon as it begins to 



68 Janes's Up-to-Now 

look yellow, you should lance it. Do not wait 
for it to break as this will let the matter burrov? 
down into the foot all the worse and take much 
longer to effect a cure. 

Some of the cases take three or four months 
tc cure them, even at best. In many cases this 
will cause a contracted hoof and leave the horse 
permanently blemished. In case the hoof is 
noticed to be forming a ridge on the rim or in 
the center, you should have the hoof placed in 
hot oil for at least thirty minutes each day, and 
keep the rough ridge rasped down smooth. This 
hot oil application will only be necessary for two 
or three days. Then twice a week for some 
time. In some cases, this has to be kept up 
occasionally until the animal has grown a new 
hoof. While this seems like a very difficult task, 
yet if you have a good animal, it will pay you 
good interest on your labor, for a three legged 
horse is a poor seller. 



Choke, and How Handled 

Greedy horses are as a rule the ones that 
get choked, and while this, like a great many 
other complaints, is counted very easy to handle, 
but many times I have been called on to unchoke 
a horse that had been suffering for two or three 
days. Of course if you are going to wait this 
long, you might just as well not send for a veter- 
inary, at all, as he has no show after the horse 
has been choked this long and even if the veterin- 
ary gets him unchoked, he is apt to die from 
inflammation of the esophagus. 

So many people want to ram a buggy whip 
or some other kind of an instrument down his 
throat. The first thing, and to those who make 
this a practice, let me say this is not only danger- 
ous, but cruel and not one time in fifty does it do 
any good, and you should never allow this to be 
done. I will give you a simple remedy and one 
that will work four times out of five. Take your 



70 Janes's Up-to-Now 

horse in the barn and pull his head up and pour 
about a pint of raw oil down him and leave his 
head up for at least ten minutes, working his 
neck where the choke is all the time with your 
hands. This will have a tendency to work the oil 
into the oats. Now strap one foot up and get 
behind him with a whip and make him take 
three or four good jumps and he will cough some 
of the choke up and sometimes dislodge all of 
it the first time. You may in right severe chokes 
have to repeat this operation. In case you 
haven't the oil, use lard melted thin enough to 
pour. In case you haven't either oil or lard, use 
water. 



The Incurable Diseases 

In this chapter, I shall give a short description 
of a number of incurable and partially incurable 
diseases the horse family is heir to. 

The first of these I shall discuss is glanders. 
This is a condition of the blood caused many times 
by filth and other times comes from long stand- 
ing cases, of farcy, nasal gleet and, in fact, this 
trouble invariably comes from these blood dis- 
orders. But in any event, this is incurable and 
anyone that is misfortunate enough to have a 
case of this disease should never waste any time 
or money in having it treated, as it always has 
been regarded as an incurable disease and is not 
easily detected by the average man and on some 
occasions, I have known the veterinary profession 
to disagree on certain cases as to it being glan- 
ders. It is not hard to detect as the horse has a 
bad odorous discharge from the nasal passage 



72 Janes's Up-to-Now 

and as a rule in the nose there will appear smalj 
scabs and the hair looks bad and on careful ex- 
amination, you will observe spots over the body 
showing up under the hair. These symptoms are 
o± an advanced stage. My advice is always in 
case you have something that resembles this 
trouble to consult a veterinary and have them 
to make the test and if it is glanders, have the 
animal destroyed. One test is the discharge from 
the head will sink, if the case be glanders, and if 
not, it is distemper. But I find that can not 
always be relied upon, as I have known many 
cases of distemper that the discharge would sink 
as soon as it would hit the water. This is why 
I advise calling a veterinary to examine the ani- 
mal. 



Poll Evil 
Its Cause and Treatment 

This disease is the same a;s fistulae, only 
that it is located in a different place, being on the 
poll bone. The same cause that produces fistuiae, 
will produce this ailment. But owing to the fact 
that it is located in the place it is, makes it very 
difficult to treat, and while I have been very 
positive I could cure any case of fistulae, I have 
been very unsuccessful in the treatment of Poll 
Evil, not curing even ten per cent of the cases 
I treated. This result caused me to refuse to 
treat poll evil for many years past. I have often 
heard of men that could cure this trouble every 
time and I am frank to admit that in all my years 
of experience, I have failed to find a single 
veterinary surgeon or anyone else that could 
make a cure in all cases or even a majority of 



74 Janes's Up-to-Now 

cases. There may be men that can do this, but 
I have him to meet as yet, but we are still living 
in hopes that our bacteriologists will eventually 
perfect a serum that will effect a cure on both 
fistulae and poll evil. As they now have a serum 
that is beyond a question of doubt a wonderful 
help in this line, I am of the opinion the day is 
not far away when a remedy along this line will 
be perfected. 



Hooks in the Eye 



This trouble is usually caused by some foreign 
substance getting in the eye and sets up inflam- 
mation and as a general rule, when the swelling 
has disappeared it has left the hau of the eye a 
little thick and quite often this will increase and 
extend out over the eye ball until it becomes very 
unsightly and has developed into a small fleshy 
tumor. These can be removed only in one way 
and that is with a knife, and when you have this 
done, you should be sure your man is a surgeon, 
as I have seen many horses that had been oper- 
ated on for this trouble and the operator had 
removed the hau of the eye entirely and in reality 
this leaves the horse in a worse condition than 
before. 



Chronic Pink Eye 



I maintain this can not be cured after your 
horse has had this affliction for a long time. 
You have a hopeless case. Where the eyes are 
badly affected and become white and are in this 
condition for a long time, you had as well save 
your money as your horse will never be relieved. 



Moon Eye 



This is also another hopeless proposition. Of 
course, this is different from the last named ail- 
ment of the eye, in that, this disease is a periodi- 
cal one. At times the eyes are all right and 
then all at once they begin to look milky. If this 
condition is only in one eye, there is some hopes 
of it affecting only the one. But I have seen 
cases where they have lost one eye and in course 
of a year or two the other one would go. There 
is practically no treatment for this disease. 



Bone Spavin 



This is a small bony growth on the inside of 
the hind leg pretty well in front. This is caused 
by a strain, bruise, kick or numerous other causes. 
At first you will notice the animal go lame and 
on driving a short distance he will cease to go 
lame and after he has stood a little while he will 
go lame as before. In the course of a few weeks, 
you will notice a lump coming on his leg. This 
is when the ossification of the exudate takes 
place. 

Treatment: Many of the veterinary profes- 
sion iise blisters and liniments, but I have found 
this to be very poor policy, for this reason : if you 
fail to kill the growth, you have made it harder 
to kill. I have found that the firing iron is the 
best remedy for bone spavins and with this treat- 
ment you are lucky if you effect a cure in sixty 
per cent of cases. Some maintain they have aver- 
aged a cure on four out of five cases, but I 
never have had that good luck as yet. 



Bog Spavin 



This is different from bone spavin in that it 
is soft and comes in the hock joint and is much 
harder to treat the same as blood spavin or oc- 
cult spavin. These are very much the same and 
I have my first man to meet yet that can cure any 
of these with any degree of success. 



Chronic Flounder 

This can be helped, but "never" cured. Keep 
this in mind. If I had so desired in my life, I 
could have grafted the farmer more on this line 
than any other, as I have certainly come in con- 
tact with numerous horses that had been found- 
ered for a long time and many of them fine horses, 
but for the condition of their feet. I could have 
got anywhere from ten to fifty dollars a horse, 
if I had only told the farmer I could cure them, 
but as I have gone over very much the same ter- 
ritory for the last fifteen years, I could not afford 
to do this. In case of a bad founder, you should 
have it cared for immediately and prevent it be- 
coming chronic or incurable. 



Chronic Contracted Feet 



This, like chronic founder, can be helped, but 
not cured. The best remedy is to use the hoof 
oil which you will find receipt for, later on in 
this book. 



Navicular Joint Lameness 



When you have the misfortune to get one of 
these cases, you can bank on having it always as 
far as getting it cured is concerned. As this is 
down in the hoof and in a location where it can- 
not be successfully treated. This is also called 
coffin joint lameness. 



Corns in the Feet 

This is a very troublesome ailment and not 
uncommon either, and while many quacks claim 
they can cure corns, I must admit again that I 
am from Missouri and I have always maintained 
that once a corn is thoroughly set in the foot, it 
is always there and in support of my contention, 
will quote the words from the pen of Dr. C. A. 
Mathew writing to the A. J. V. M. April, 1912. 
Among city horses the first and most important 
cause of lameness is corns. And corns once pres- 
ent, can never be eliminated entirely. If the 
cause of the corn recurs the corn will soon re- 
appear. A corn is the result of pressure on the 
sensitive lamnina, sufficient to bruise it. Corns 
are most prevalent on low, weak heels; good 
strong, high and upright feet are seldom affected. 

The nearer the shape of a horse's foot at the 
heels approaches that of a mule's foot, the less 



84 Janes's Up-to-Now 

trouble he has from corns. I have yet to see my 
first mule with a corn and I treat hundreds of 
iliem each year. 

For the relief of corns: (I do not say sure, as 
I think that impossible) remove the shoe. Pare 
down the weak quarter, bar and all until it gets 
thin enough to yield to pressure. This will meet 
with some criticism, as I have known some vet- 
erinarians that would not cut the bar of a foot 
for the price of the horse. But experience is the 
best teacher and perhaps the ones that condemn 
paring the bar, do so not from experience, but 
from theory. 

With both bars cut out (I mean try to keep 
the quarter and bar cut down as closely as possi- 
ble — mark you, not the wall, but the portion be- 
tween the wall and frog and in so doing preserve 
all the wall possible) and with the shoe applied, 
I am going to demonstrate. The feet will expand 
so much that, if the shoe will expand the feet 
and the sole of the foot is removed at the quarter 
and bars, the pressure will be removed and thus 
give relief. So much for that, to apply the bar 
shoes, first level up the foot preserving as much 



Doctor and Receipt Book 85 

of the wall at the quarter as possible. Then make 
a shoe with a bar that extends almost to the 
point of the frog. Make it with the bearing sur- 
face of the bar and rim of the shoe level. About 
one-third the way enterior from the point of the 
heel or where the quarter and the wall unite, cut 
a notch in the bottom of the wall and rasp away 
enough of the wall posterior so that the wall wont 
touch the shoe when applied. See that there is 
lots of pressure on the frog. Put three nails 
in the weak side, leaving the rear one out and he 
is ready to go for a month. If both quarters 
have corns, prepare both the same as described 
and put all the pressure of the heels of the frog. 

These shoes can be made plain, or calked low 
for summer or rough for winter. I use leather 
under them in winter to prevent falling. Put the 
heel calks on parallel with the foot. Never at 
right angles, for flat or convex feet make a bar 
as described. Bevel out inside web of the shoe 
and make it extend as far as possible so it will 
act as a protection to the weak sole, and above 
all, never let the shoe touch the sole. 



86 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Make the bearing of the wall level and apply 
it so that at least one-half of the weight of the 
quarters is on the frog. Remember every three, 
four or five weeks as the case demands. The 
proof of this is, I have dozens of horses that work 
every day with this shoe and appliance and go 
sound. They have been wearing them from two 
to seven years and couldn't go two days on an 
open shoe without going dead lame. 

"Mr. Horseman, listen to what Dr. Greiner 
says about shoeing and be sure your horse is 
properly shod." 



Prevention and Treatment of 
Corns 

There are three kinds of corns which the vet- 
erinarian has to contend, and the one in appear- 
ance least significant is usually the most trouble- 
some to the young practitioner, that is, the dry 
corn or the one that simply shows an echymosis 
or red spot. There are, according to Dr. Zindle, 
three kinds of corns, viz., the dry, which is a 
simple redness in the angle of the bar and outer 
wall and which in my opinion is the most puzzling 
in so far as diagnosis of the lameness it occa- 
sions, since the lameness in most cases is not rec- 
ognized as being due to the redness or dry corn 
and is looked for in some other part of the limb. 
The moist corn is more easily recognized and 
usually receives proper attention. The suppura- 
ting corn is also recognized and proper treatment 
and rest given to the animal. 

The predisposing causes of corns may be di- 
vided into the following six classes: Conditions 



88 Janes's Up-to-Now 

of the foot, kind of work, immaturity of the tis- 
sues, condition of the roads, heredity, faulty shoe- 
ing. 

The five first are contributary only, but the 
sixth, in my opinion, is the only real cause. Has 
any one ever seen a corn in an unshod horse? 
or one that had never been shot? Then, again, 
the defination of a corn as given by Dr. W. Wil- 
liams is sufficient to remove all doubt as to the 
real cause of a true corn. As veterinarians we 
do not deny that bruising of the frog and sole 
of the unshod as well as the shod horse may, 
occur, but I for one do affirm that true corns 
can only be produced by the farrier and his im- 
proper shoeing. Therefore, the shoer should be 
educated in the anatomy of the horse's foot and 
also instructed in the application and the making 
of the shoe. 

The Ignorant horse shoer is quite a contribu- 
tor financially to the veterinary profession, as 
his poor work causes ALL of the corns that the 
veterinarian gets to treat as so-called gravel. 
Corns are not known by that name by the horse 
shoer, but if suppuration has taken place, gravel 



Doctor and Receipt Book 89 

is the name given it by the smith and for some 
reason better known to themselves nine out of 
ten attending veterinarians confirm this diagno- 
sis and in that way the shoer is left blameless, 
and he goes on in the same old rut. As to so- 
called gravel, from what does it take its name? 
The writer has been in practice for over fdrty 
years and for nine years at practice work in a 
shoeing shop, yet has never seen a case of gravel, 
but I have seen thousands of true corns caused by 
improper shoeing and no doubt in my earlier 
years, I contributed my share as a manufacturer 
of corns and in my ignorance I was proud to be 
recognized as a practical horseshoer. 

The average horseshoer is egotistic and no 
man living can teach him anything about his 
craft, especially if he has been shoeing horses 
for eight or ten years. Don't try to teach the 
horseshoer in anything pertaining to his chosen 
and studied art. The same may be said of those 
in the veterinary profession, but as a rule the vet- 
erinarian is farther advanced in education and 
science and this spurs him to the acquisition of 



90 Janes's Up-to-Now 

more knowledge and to keep abreast of his pro- 
fessional brothers. 

The art of scientific horseshoeing is some- 
thing that is greatly neglected in the majority 
of veterinary colleges, and the average veterinary 
student enters on his professional career insuffi- 
ciently equipped to face the task of his profession 
career as far as qualification is concerned for 
diagnosing and correcting faulty gaits, certain 
kinds of lameness and deformities of the hoof. 
Such veterinarians are at a disadvantage, and in- 
stead of going to the shoer and explaining to him 
what to do for his patient and how to do it, he 
must accept the theory advanced by the shoer 
and admit his ignorance of the art instead of 
showing the superiority of his knowledge over 
that of the common horseshoer. Who gets the 
credit if the animal gets well? The horseshoer. 
Who gets the balme if he fails? The veterinar- 
ian. 

This article v/as inspired by seeing a request 
in the AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERIN- 
ARY MEDICINE for December, page 870, for a 
satisfactory formula for the treatment of corns 



Doctor and Receipt Book 91 

in horses. The only correct and scientific form- 
ula for the treatment and the prevention of corns 
in horses that I have ever been able to figure out 
is as follows: 

Correct paring: of the foot, and the qualifica- 
tion of the proper kind of shoes to remove the 
cause of the injury. If suppuration has taken 
place evacuate the pus and treat the wound as 
you would any other wound but always remember 
that the sole of the foot comes in contact with 
the ground and must be protected from infection. 
If it is a simple dry corn remove the shoe, pare 
the sole of the white line, place foot in soft moist 
poultice for a few days; use a proper shoe that 
will take off all the pressure over the region of 
the injury. I have owned and driven horses all 
my life and for the last thirty years in the city 
of Indianapolis, which is supplied with plenty 
of hard streets, and in all that time I have only 
experienced one case of corns in one of my horses, 
and this one contracted his corn during a two- 
month's vacation qf mine. This same horse was 
driven by me for twenty-one years. I am driv- 
ing at present a mare that was fifteen years old 



92 Janes's Up-to-Now 

on the 22nd of February. I have driven her since 
she was two years old — she is and always has 
been free from corns or any other blemish and 
always will be as long as I can see to her shoe- 
ing. — S. A. Greiner, Prof, of Shoeing and Lame- 
ness, Terre Haute Vet. College, Terre Haute, In- 
diana. 



Heaves 

Up to the present day, there has been no 
cure discovered for this disease. That is, no per- 
manent cure that I have ever found. There is 
medicine that will relieve this trouble for a while, 
in fact "shut them down" as it is commonly cal- 
led, among dinkey horse traders, but this trick- 
ery is not countenanced by the honest veterinary. 

This disease is not as prevalent in the west, 
as it is in the east where they feed more alfalfa 
and clover. This dry rough feed usually being 
the starter for heaves, as a greedy horse will 
not take the time he should in masticating his 
food and naturally this coarse food scratches the 
throat and causes small ulcers on the esophgus, 
and in due course of time, these become chronic 
and naturally cause the horse to cough. Many 
people have believed this to be an affection of 
the lungs, but this is a mistake. For further 
proof on this, see article later on in this book en- 
titled "Heaves: Reason why it is not in the 
lungs." The best way to relieve this is to feed 
soft feed or turn them on green pasture. 



The Serum Treatment of Poll 
Evil and Fistulous Withers 

Before I get entirely away from this subject, 
I want to say a few words more about the cura- 
tive qualities of serum. In the treatment of this 
affection, as I have said in a previous article, 
poll evil as well as, fistulae, is being treated to- 
day very much different than it was ten years ago, 
but as yet no certain cure along this line has been 
produced. But I maintain that up to date veteri- 
naries will incorporate this new method into his 
system of treatment in case of poll-evil and fis- 
tulae. I will now quote an article of P. D. & Co., 
in vererinary notes by S. W. Seibert from the A. 
V. Review. 

This method may not be new to most veteri- 
narians, but is new to me. I had never heard 
of nuclein being used in fistulae or poll-evil when 
I began using it. 

Case No. 1. An 1,100 pound three year old 
black horse was brought to me Nov. 12, 1909, 



Doctor and Receipt Book 95 

with a history that for three weeks he had car- 
ried his head to one side and seemed listless and 
dull. Then the owner noticed a lump between 
the ears and brought him to me. I took the 
horse under my care, opened the abcess, gave 
good drainage, and treated him under old lines 
of treatment. Not succeeding at once, I used 
first one thing and then another until I had em- 
ployed every thing I had ever heard of from A 
to Z, but the longer I treated him the worse he 
became. I suppose I am not unlike most veter- 
inaries in that when other resources fail, I am 
willing to try any old thing. So I continued un- 
til Dec. 17 when I thought the best dose would 
op a fibroid tissue which is quite troublesome 
be one of lead, but the thought struck me to try 
nuclein, which I did by way of experiment. I 
gave my patient ten Cc. of Nuclein solution in 
ten Cc. of saline solution every day, and to my 
surprise, on the sixth or seventh day, I saw im- 
provement. I kept up the same treatment until 
January 19, 1910, skipping only four days in this 
time, and therefore, giving in all fifteen doses. 



96 Janes's Up-to-Now 

The horse went home all healed up and has 
remained so to the present time. I kept the 
wound well drained and dressed it daily with hy- 
drogen peroxide. 

Case No. 2. A gray horse that was brought 
to me on November 22, 1909, with the follow- 
ing history. He had been bought out of a car- 
load of western horses, which were sold at Shel- 
by, Ohio, in June 1909. The owners said the 
horse had a small lump on the poll when pur- 
chased. This lump was there until one month 
before he brought him to me, when it had opened. 
I operated on this case and secured good drain- 
age on November 23, 1909. I guess I used all 
the medicines in the materia medica, (and then 
some) in this case, but nothing seemed to do it 
any good. Oh December 17, 1909, I begun to 
use nuclein as in Case No. 1, giving in all sixteen 
doses. 

The horse went home January 5, 1910 all 
healed up, and was later sold for $225.00 

Case No. 3. A gray six year old thirteen 
hundred pound mare was brought to me on May 
23, 1910, with a well developed case of fistulae. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 97 

I gave it good drainage. You can see by the dates 
there was nearly one year's difference in these 
cases. In this year bacterins had come to hfe, 
so I decided to try this treatment here. I gave 
five doses of bacterins four days apart with no 
results whatever. I then began the nuclein as 
before and noted improvements in six or seven 
days. She was sent home June 15, 1910 nearly 
healed up and is at present working every day. 
(October 21, 1910.) 

Case No. 4. On July 22, 1910, I was called 
CO see a case of fistulae near Tiro, Ohio. This 
was a very grave case; for some reason there 
had already developed a septicema of the withers. 
I told the owner that the outcome was doubtful. 
On tapping the swelling, I found only a small 
amount of puss, but much foul-smelling sour 
gas. I had the horse brought to my hospital and 
gave the abcess a perfect drainage. Two of the 
spinous processes were diseased. They were re- 
moved by means of bone saws. I pushed the 
bacterins every five days for a month with no 
improvement. I then discarded the bacterin 
treatment and begun to give the nuclein every 



98 Janes's Up-to-Now 

day, and no September 10, 1910, the horse went 
home, doing well but not entirely healed up. 
With local treatment he continued to do well and 
is at present, (October 27, 1910) all healea up. 

I have been using a five per cent nuclein so- 
lution and make my own saline solution from 
tablets prepared for the purpose,, using one tab- 
let to four ounces of boiled water. I report these 
four cases because I exhausted all other means 
of treatment I knew without success. I have 
used nuclein on other cases, but the four men- 
tioned were the worst ones. 

The use of Nuclein in poll-evil and fistulae 
has convinced me that it is a good treatment for 
these conditions. I warm my solution 20 Cq. hy- 
podermatic syringe to body temperature to pre- 
vent shock. 

Another treatment of fistulous withers: 

A fistula of the withers may result from many 
and various causes, important among which are 
heavy contusions and collar injuries with conse- 
quent introduction into the tissues of infective 
materia,. Several cases occuring upon the same 
farm or at or near the same time, are usually 



Doctor and Receipt Book 99 

found to be the result of a common cause. In 
order to protect those not effected and to con- 
vince the owners of animals so affected that the 
malady is not communicable by association or con- 
tact, it becomes necessary to find the cause and 
remove it. 

Within a few days after the occurance of such 
an injury there is a marked swelling which usu- 
ally causes the subject pain when palpated. The 
nature of the causative agent and the duration 
of the disease are responsible for a wide vera- 
tion in the pathological conditions found in these 
cases, hence symptoms differ quite materially. 
Necrosis of bone to any damaging extent is quite 
rare except in cases of long standing or where 
practitioners pack the fistula tracts with corro- 
sive agents. (I consider the use of corrosive 
agents in any case of fistulous withers harmful.) 

Fifty to sixty per cent of all cases of fistulous 
will permanently cease suppurating in from one 
to three years when unmolested. Having ob- 
served this, some veterinarians are unscrupulous 
enough to treat ( ?) cases for two or three years, 
seeing them as seldom as possible, doing as little 



100 Janes's Up-to-Now 

as possible, and eventually collecting a fee as 
though skilled service has been rendered. 

Complete recovery in fistulous withers con- 
sists in regeneration of all tissues destroyed, with 
union of the skin so perfect that it is necessary 
to part the hair to find a cicatrix. Of course 
this is only possible in favorable cases which are 
treated early, and in which recovery is prompt. 

Half the battle in the successful treatment of 
these cases consists in early establishing surgi- 
cally, good drainage. 

Before operating, the subject should be given 
an anodyne in a quantity sufficient to perceptibly 
dull sensibility. The patient is now ready to be 
confined and I prefer the stanchion with subject 
retained in the standing position. All hair should 
be shaved or clipped from the field of operation, 
and since the majority of cases require drainage 
anterior to the scapulae, the field is quite large. 

When all is in readiness an exploratory in- 
cision is made at or near the median lian and 
counter openings are made where necessary. Skin 
incisions are never made longer than three inches, 



Doctor and Receipt Book 101 

as unsightly scars are not easily avoided when 
this precaution is disregarded. 

All tissues between the exploratory incision 
and counter openings are divided subcutaneously. 
Fibrous tissue is removed with heavy dissecting 
shears made for the purpose. 

When much hemorrhage results, if it is im- 
possible to ligate vessels, the entire cavity is 
packed with gauze. The gauze is removed in 
from three to twelve hours and no more trouble 
comes from this source. 

The most important consideration in connec- 
tion with the after care is to prevent the subject 
from rubbing or otherwise bruising or irritating 
the parts and to avoid frequent irrigations. 

If drainage is perfect frequent irrigation is 
unnecessary, after blood clots are removed, and 
often gently swabbing the wound with dry ab- 
sorbent cotton is all that is necessary. The fre- 
quent introduction into the wound of strong anti- 
septic solution certainly retards the reconstruc- 
tive process. 

Very little suppuration should follow the oper- 
ation and the presence of much pus discharging 



102 Janes's Up-to-Now 

from any opening is proof positive that drainage 
was not properly provided for or that it since has 
been obstructed. Some cases are prone to devel- 
and needs to be frequently removed that drainage 
may not be hindered. 

During the later stages of healing it is neces- 
sary to separate the margins of the skin from 
underlying tissues, surrounding all incisions to 
prevent puckering and subsequent blemishes. 

The careful use of bacterins in these cases is 
of great value in that it materially shortens the 
course of all cases treated. A. J. V. M. 



Contagious Abortion in Mares 

This is a subject that should be better under- 
stood by the horseman of today, as some seem 
to think there is no such thing as contagious or 
infectious abortion. I shall try in this article 
to convince such a one that there is not only 
a condition of this kind but elsewhere as well. 
Last fall when the horse plague was in the coun- 
try, I was called upon every day to prescribe 
some good blood medicine and one party that was 
feeding this to his horses had a mare to lose her 
colt and in about a week, the second one aborted. 
The result was I got the blame as he was satis- 
fied something in this blood medicine had caused 
the trouble, when the fact of the case is this. 
They had a plain case of infectious abortion as 
the third one followed in a few days. This same 
trouble is prevalent among cows and is more 
common than in mares. 

I could write many pages on my experience 



104 Janes's Up-to-Now 

with this disease, causes and treatment and so on, 
but will not burden my reader with it as I want 
to give you a Canada verterinary's experience 
with this trouble up there. Following are some 
cf his remarks and you will observe he thinks it 
a hard proposition. 

"The cause of infectious or contagious abor- 
tion in mares as far as I know has not been 
determined, although its course and contagion 
indicates an infection of bacterial origin, and, 
strangely enough, it seems to me that this organ- 
ism is ingested with certain feeds, and must reach 
the blood through the alimentary tract. Espe- 
cially is this apparently true in this district where 
it is very prevalent and highly contagious. 

It has been my experience during the last 
three years in certain districts to give profes- 
sional advice in regard to this, one of the most 
dreaded diseases with which breeders have to 
contend. I have noticed that contagious abortion 
is more prevalent in certain districts where they 
let their brood mares run to straw stacks and 
where they feed green oats and wheat sheaves. 
On the other hand I have seen outbreaks of this 



Doctor and Receipt Book 105 

disease where the mares have never been fed 
on any sheaf grain, hay or straw, but were run 
in large pastures or on the range. 

Outbreaks of infectious abortion are most 
common during February, March and April, but 
I have known affected mares to carry their foals 
to full time, and have great difficulty at time of 
parturition to expel the fetus. The foal if alive 
seems dull, stupid, very weak and dies in a few 
hours, the mare in nearly every case retains the 
placenta, which is very hard to remove, and there 
is a very nasty vaginal discharge with a fetid 
odor. After the placenta is removed the uterus 
is found to be congested, hot and tender; the 
uterine ligaments tense and swollen ; flushing the 
uterus with a weak antiseptic solution of creolin 
or carbolic acid causes intense pain. The mare 
will at once throw herself at full length, strain 
and seem to be unable to expel injection. It has 
been my experience on returning next day to find 
the patience tucked up, very stiff, pulse hard and 
full, temperature 103.5 F., and on examination 
of uterus to find she had not expelled the injec- 
tion given the day before. On dilating the os the 



106 Janes's Up-to-Now 

mare will strain but seems unable to expel the 
contents of the uterus which is very fetid; this 
I remove with a sponge, I then sponge the uterus 
with clean solution of creolin or carbolic acid with 
one to two ounces of tincture of opium. Cases 
that I have treated this v/ay have made good 
recoveries in from four to ten days. Cases where 
the placenta has been retained and removed with- 
out washing out the uterus have died in a few 
days from septic infection, or if they recover they 
will be thin and weak for months, though running 
at large on good pasture and being given grain in 
addition. 

Mares which abort early, from infectious 
abortion, say in February, have very little trouble 
or inconvenience. The fetus in every case that I 
have ever examined and that constitutes quite 
a large number seems to be emphysemic and de- 
pigmented. Such fefuses often contain deposits 
like lumps of clotted blood, dark, greyish brown 
in color of a semi-solid consistency and one-fourth 
to one-half inch in diameter. 

Mares that carry their foals to within thirty 
to twenty days of the normal time of parturition 



Doctor and Receipt Book 107 

are the ones that cause the most trouble ; although 
the presentation is normal these mares are unable 
to expel the fetus and will often wander around 
for some days eating and drinking and seemingly 
in no pain, but they eventually die from septic 
infection. I have been called to assist in quite a 
number of these cases and have had great diffi- 
culty in removing the fetus, owing to its dis- 
tension with gas. These fetuses are ballooned 
until they are perfectly round and nearly filled 
with a very offensive fluid. 

A post-mortem eaxmination of the full-time 
foals reveals the following condition: 

Umbilical cord very thick and edematus; ab- 
dominal cavity contains a dirty offensive greyish 
fluid ; liver yellowish brown, very soft and flabby ; 
spleen very much swollen and emphysemic, yel- 
lowish grey ; thoracic cavity contains a dirty grey- 
ish red fluid, between the pericardium and the 
heart there is a thick gelatinous, tarry fluid, but 
when exposed to air and light it shows a greyish 
tinge ; heart enlarged, easily torn and very dark, 
and on section greyish black. 



108 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Treatment of this disease has been a failure 
with me. I have tried antiseptics, both internally 
and externally, feeding carbolic acid in feed and 
subcutaneously without success. The best treat- 
ment that I have tried has been to isolate the 
pregnant mare to some pasture entirely separated 
from the ones that they have been running on. 
I have always recommended a change of feed in 
cases where mares have been running as large, 
especially to straw stacks where they gorge them 
selves. This I consider one of the predisposing 
causes of this disease in this section of the prov- 
inve. Lots of this straw has become wet and 
musty and contains in some cases a large amount 
of mold or smut and it may ergot. I have very 
rarely seen this disease where mares are fed 
hay and kept on high and dry pastures with 
plenty of good spring water. 

There was quite an outbreak of this disease 
the past year, twenty miles southwest of Calgary. 
One rancher lost ninety per cent of his foals and 
others a less percentage. The land in this dis- 
trict is low in some places and swampy and in 
the spring and summer of 1910 it was very dry. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 109 

and some of these swampy places dried up and 
the stock pastured in them ; Ihe feed was partly 
decomposed and sour and I think that this was 
the predisposing cause of abortion in this in- 
stance. I have been in this province breeding and 
treating stock continuously for a period of more 
than fifteen years but I have never seen any 
cases of infectious abortion in this section until 
four years ago. 

One of my clients, a large rancher who lives 
in this district lets his mares range and has never 
had any of this trouble. It seems that brood 
mares that run at large on the level prairies are 
practically free from this disease, but where they 
run on low-lying land and feed on straw stacks 
they are more predisposed to this disease. If this 
is so then certain feeds must contain this bac- 
terium. Two weeks ago I was called fifteen miles 
to an outbreak of this disease. These mares are 
fat and in fine condition, but have been running 
on stubble. This grain was not cut until after 
it was laid flat by a snowstorm last fall and there 
was a large amount of feed left on the ground. 



110 Janes's Up-to-Now 

some very much discolored. I recommended thor- 
ough disinfection and removal of pregnant mares 
to different pastures and feed. The owner was 
in my office a few days ago and reports no more 
cases of abortion as yet. 

I would like to learn if there is any other, or 
rather any successful treatment for this disease. 
Ranchers and farmers are getting worried and no 
wonder, when one considers the price of horses 
and what the losses from this dreaded disease 
mean to them each year. Other practitioners in 
different parts of Alberta are meeting the same 
conditions. 

It seems to me that it would be a good thing 
for the farmers if the local government should 
conduct a scientific investigation of this disease 
and try to find the cause for it; if it continues 
to increase for a few more years as it has for 
the past four years the farmers will be unable 
tc raise horses enough for their own use Even 
at the present time horses are being shipped in 
from the east and from the States although Al- 
berta is one of the best sections in the world for 



Doctor and Receipt Book 111 

horse raising. It is up l:o us as veterinarians to 
do all in our power to find, if possible, the cause 
of contagious abortion in mares and to publish 
our results whether successful or otherwise. 
PERCY K. WALTERS, V. S., 

Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 



} 



/ 



The Colt 
Rearing, Feeding and Breaking 

To the prudent breeder, the future of a colt 
if practically under his own control. 

We forget that we are living in the Twentieth 
Century and that times and conditions call for 
expert mechanics and it is a significant fact that 
horses like men are retiring from the cheaper 
service into better, and that from all sides the 
call is for animals of good form and action of 
extreme docility and high intelligence. The ill 
bred mongrel is not wanted as he cannot do what 
is demanded of the horse today. Too many of 
our farmers consider that their part is done when 
they have bred the mare to a sire whose type 
they admire or whose breeding suits them. The 
colt comes in due time and is relegated with the 
dam to some remote pasture, or worse even, it 
is forced to follow the mare aimlessly from one 



Doctor and Receipt Book 113 

end of the soft plowed field to the other m a 
weary trudge. Then, as the mare is permitted to 
rest occasionally to cool off, the colt takes ad- 
vantage of the opportunity to drink, and draws 
from the foaming udder the over-heated milk, 
turned from a life sustaining to a death dealing 
fluid. 

The future usefulness of the colt depends 
upon nothing so much as the feed during the first 
year of its life. To be useful in anyway a horse 
must have good bones, and above all, good joints. 
Bone are built like the rest of the body from the 
feed consumed by the young animal and if the 
food does not contain the elements essential to 
the growth of bone, it is evident that there will 
be a weakness in this part of the organism. The 
milk from the dam contains a large proportion of 
the most necessary mineral substances, such as 
lime; but the colt seems to require much more 
in a short time and may be seen trying to supple- 
ment this limited supply by taking occasional 
mouthfuls of soil. Probably no materials at the 
farmer's disposal contain more mineral or bone 
forming material than bran and oats, and the colt 



114 Janes's Up-to-Now 

should have plenty of these and good hay from 
the start. It is quite safe, as a rule, to give as 
much as two quarts of these concentrates mixed 
per diem as soon as the colt can be taught to eat 
them, and this can be gradually increased. The 
colt's temperament and character should be close- 
ly studied, however, and ration gauged accord- 
ingly. These concentrates and clover hay being 
rich in protein or flesh forming material, induce 
rapid development of muscle, sinew, and tendon, 
as well as bone, and such are the great desider- 
ata in colts. 

Feed liberally of the right kind of feed and 
nature will do the rest, so far as bodily develop- 
ment is concerned. 

Yet nature must be given every opportunity 
and all her forces allowed to do their part of the 
work. Let the colt have lots of pure air. Give 
it all the sunshine it requires. Stint it not where 
good pure water is concerned. 

Be very careful that it has ample room to lie 
down at will. Do not over exercise, yet err not 
on the other side and give too little. The well 



Doctor and Receipt Book 115 

fed colt requires more exercise than the average 
or poorly fed one. 

As the weaning- time approaches, the colt 
should be encourage to eat oats, hay and bran. By 
careful feeding, he will scarcely know he has lost 
a part of his ration and will unwittingly substi- 
tute that which is provided to replace it. Some 
people forget to provide a good quantity and suit- 
able substitute. "Better not forget." The same 
ration may be used during all his colthood days, 
but keep in mind ever, that larger animals require 
larger rations. 

The training of a colt should begin the day 
it is born. The first step is to make friends with 
the new born chap as it is usually easier the first 
day than ever again, as every thing is new to it 
then. Never do anything to scare him. Give him 
some sugar and anything he will eat out of your 
hands, and do not forget the sooner you break him 
to the halter and discipline him the better. Colts, 
unlike some other young animals, are non- 
descripts for the rearing of which no definite 
rules can be given or strictly adhered to, but com- 
mon sense, patience, and alertness should prevail. 



116 Janes's Up-to-Now 

The value of any horse is increased or lessened 
by his education or training. Many colts are 
ruined in "breaking." Many are never broken 
at all. 

There are three classes of men who "break" 
colts. One is the easy, kind, patient fellow who 
lets Mr. Colt do about as he pleases. It can start, 
stop, turn around, or anything else without re- 
monstrance. Such colts seldom make trusty 
horses, usually headstrong and unreliable. 

Then there is the man who goes at the colt 
to break or kill — jerking, clubbing, whipping, 
swearing and so on. Colts broken by such men 
sometimes get over their fright by proper hand- 
ling, but are most likely to be natural fools like 
the breakers. They are always nervous, always 
ready to run. The right kind is a happy medium 
and comes just between these two extremes. He 
is kind and patient, but firm. His efforts are to 
convince the colt that he is "boss." He has the 
horse under control always. To accomplish this, 
it is not necessary to knock the horse down every 
time you approach him. As I have said before, 
halter break when young and at the age of three 



Doctor and Receipt Book 117 

begin to give him his harness education, by plac- 
ing the harness on him and let stand for a short 
time to get acquainted with the new regalia. 
Then place a strap or rope in the end of the 
tugs and pull them up against his legs and get 
him used to this performance, and if he shows 
no signs of kicking, then bridle him and tie him 
to the broke horse and lead out of the bam. As 
you then have him secure and should you try 
to lead him out alone, he might take such a sudden 
notion to go that he would go alone. Do not try 
to teach him all in a day, but step by step and 
in a short time you have a well broke horse and 
one worth $25.00 to $50.00 more than one that 
has been spoiled. 



The Horse for Business and 
Pleasure 

By Secretary Coburn 

In all the ages for which we have authentic 
history, the horse has been the sturdy and es- 
teemed servant of man. Equally in the avocations 
of peace and productive industry, subduing the 
wilderness and its savages, whether human or 
brute, the march of armies or shock of battle, he 
has borne a part conspicuous and potent. 

Adapted and adaptable to innumerable forms 
of men's service thus long as no other animal, the 
time for his displacement is not yet. Although 
prophets of Evil may proclaim the horseless age 
a? already ushered in. No machine of steel and 
steam, of cog and cam, no vapor fed motor, nor 
craft propelled by batteries or boilers, success- 
fully supercedes the percheron at the plow, the 



Doctor and Receipt Book 119 

hackney at the carriage, the patchens in lighter 
harness or the denmarks and the thoroughbreds 
lazily cantering to my lady on healthful pleasure 
bent, or fiercely charging under such men as rode 
at Balakava, Winchester, and San Juan, these in- 
valuable, latter day, developments of mechanical 
ingenuity profitably and properly supplement but 
do not supplant the horse, nor detract from his 
indisputable merits, until human nature becomes 
something else. The beauty, strength, intelligence 
and utility embodied in a well bred, well trained 
horse will be admired of human kind and profit- 
able pleasure found in his production, improve- 
ment, and varied use in his better form possessing 
capabilities never before equaled, the appreciation 
of him has never been more genuine or more 
generous than now. It is impossible that this 
shall seriously abate, even though his production 
is, as a business, like all others, subject to vicissi- 
tudes of supply, demand, fashion and fancy, meth- 
od and manner, time and place. Some of the 
horses most noted for speed, endurance and strik- 
ing excellence, marvels of the equine world, and 
matchless, have been foaled or reared beneath 



120 Janes's Up-to-Now 

the skies of Kansas; demonstrating beyond dis- 
pute that nature with lavish bounty has poured 
into her soil and sunshine and through them into 
her grasses and grains, those elements out of 
which are evolved fine fiber and highest courage 
in horse no less than master. No seer can say 
that her possibilities for future brilliant achieve- 
ment in this line, with the world for a market, 
are immeasurable and need but to be utilized — 
not in the production of one type alone, but every 
good type which business demands or pleasure's 
patronage gives countenance to endow the State 
in greater measure with that prestige already 
hers by virtue of conditions made naturally so 
advantageous. 

To help establish a renewed and enlarged faith 
in a worthy calling, strengthen affection for man'? 
noblest dumb servant ; encourage making the most 
of rich opportunities and bring to Kansas the ac- 
cruing benefits is the aim of this article. 

I^et me say here and now as an open confes- 
sion is good for the soul. I heartily endorse every 
word of our old secretary, by saying the displace- 
ment of the horse is several generations away 



Doctor and Receipt Book 121 

as yet. Many of my readers will remember as 
far back as 1893 and 1894 when you could buy a 
good smooth twelve hundred pounds horse for 
$35.00 to $40.00 and buyers were scarce at that 
too. But how is it now? Times have changed 
since father was a boy. But on every hand you 
could hear it freely predicted that horses would 
never be high priced again and no one wanted 
to breed them for fear there would be no market. 
But conditions soon changed and since 1900 or 
for the past twelve years the horse market has 
been the best ever known and my dear friends, let 
me sound a warning here and now. With all 
the modern inventions, steam plows, trolley cars, 
motorcycles, automobiles combined, to displace the 
horse, the day is not far distant when we will 
certainly face a horse famine (I mean the right 
kind of horses, though). The situation of the 
horse industry s being affected at both ends, on 
the one hand, there is a scarcity of good horses 
today. There has been a widening of demand, 
or at least of the channel through which demand 
for American horses extends. The export demand 
has grown wonderfully during the past few years. 



122 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Beginning with almost nothing in 1893 it has 
indreased every year until it now presses us hard 
to supply the export demand. Unless all signs 
fail for a good many years to come one of the 
paying branches of farming will be the keeping of 
a few good brood mares as work horses and com- 
bining with this use of them the production of a 
colt each year. They must, however, be good 
brood mares and that type known as the all pur- 
pose horse and must be bred to pure bred sires 
of good individuality and suited in type to the 
capacity of the brood mare ijor production. Then 
if the foal is properly cared for and kept growing 
from the start, handling it during colthood, so as 
to make it easy to control, by the time it reaches 
a saleable age it will be undoubtedly good" prop- 
erty. The present situation of the horse industry 
affords another illustration of the importance of 
choosing one's lines and then sticking to them 
through good and evil report. As we have had oc- 
casion to say many many times during a number 
of years past, good colts bred for at any time dur- 
ing the period of depression in the horse industry 
would have been very saleable property, at good 



Doctor and Receipt Book 123 

prices as soon as they reached a marketable age. 
This has been my oft expressed opinion all thru 
the period of depression, and the facts have veri- 
fied this view. And it is my opinion and also 
seems to be the consensus of opinion among horse 
men that mules are about to come into their "own" 
and they can have it all as for me, as I learned 
long ago not to fool with the cheap running gears 
of a watch, bicycle or the "business" end of a 
mule. But now listen, it is as natural for one 
extreme to follow another as for a duck to take to 
water, and the time is ripe and the day at hand 
that about every other farmer wants to trade 
horses for mules and the fact that the state of 
Kansas lost 30,000 head of horses with forage 
poisoning or grass staggers the past fall, has lent 
much to the impetus of this move. Seeing that 
mules seldom take this disease or any other for 
that matter, but mark you, mules are poor breed- 
ers and farmers usually are very slow to change 
from one to the other, as this change (or epi- 
demic) has been about five or six years coming 
on, and will as surely and certainly take as long 
to change back to horses from mules as it did 



124 Janes's Up-to-Now 

to change from horses to mules if not longer. 
Now, I think you can figure it out for yourself, 
that in the next ten years the man who is the 
possessor of a good span of brood mares that will 
weigh say fifteen hundred pounds each can de- 
mand six hundred per team and have no trouble 
in finding buyers at this sum if not even more. 

I have been from the Atlantic to the Pacific 
and find fifteen per cent more mules used than 
were six years ago. Not only in Kansas and 
Colorado, but in all the other states. It's mules, 
mules everywhere. The breeders will tell you they 
would rather breed for mules much on account 
they are like that much gold. You can sell them 
when you take them from the mare or at yearlings 
or two-year-old or most any other age. 

Well, this is true, but when this crop of mares 
run out what are you going to raise mules from 
then ? Oh ! you say, the other fellow will do that 
as they are not all raising mules. This is true, 
but my dear reader, do you know that about fifty- 
five per cent of the brood mares are being bred 
to Jacks ? And as they count seventy per cent is 
a good average, this means thirty per cent off the 



Doctor and Receipt Book 125 

forty-five mares that are bred to horses, leaves 
you about thirty-two colts out of every hundred 
mare, then say, about four out of these thirty-two 
are road horses which is a small per cent, this 
leaves twenty-eight colts, then we will say one- 
half of them are horse colts, this leaves fourteen 
colts out of every hundred brood mares. With 
the natural loss, you can very easily see where 
the price of good brood mares will be ten years 
hence and may be in much less time. Of course, 
I do not expect every one to agree with me on 
this subject as the doubting Thomas is still with 
us. He told Columbus he never would discover a 
new world. But he did. They told Noah they did 
not believe there would be a flood, but it came. 
Many said the Atlantic cable could not be laid. 
But it was. Many great and wise men doubted 
that Edison would ever perfect a machine that 
we could talk through, to our friends miles away, 
but that has come to pass and so it goes. The 
man that reads this and profits thereby will be 
the man that makes the coin, because the short- 
age in horses is inevitable. 



126 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Right here let me give you a few words on 
the horse from Prof. Eugene Davenport of the 
University of Illinois. When the traction engine 
and steam plows became realities; when electric- 
ity and the cable displaced the horse from the 
street car service ; when the bicycle took its place 
among the necessities of life and the horseless 
carriage was something more than a dream ; men 
began to say that the horse had about outlived 
his usefulness as a domestic animal, and many 
a ready pen predicted his speedy and practical 
extinction. 

This feeling has become something more than 
the hasty conclusion of a few correspondents. I 
find it widely spread. It is the settled conviction 
of many men and communities and low prices are 
given aa argument to show that the horse is 
going out of use. As a consequence, horses are 
not being bred to any great extent and as I see 
it, we are in imminent danger of a horse short- 
age or famine. It is true that much of the horse 
labor is being performed more cheaply and better 
by machinery. The same can be said of man. 
All this reduces the value of the low grade in- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 127 

dividual, whether horse or man, but it does not 
threaten the extinction of either species; on the 
contrary new demands are constantly arising. 
The horse is coming to be handled by better men 
than formerly and is becoming more and more 
like the dog, the companion of the master. 

The dray horse is no longer an animated skele- 
ton, driven by a howling ruffian, but a well fed 
prosperous beast, in good harness and driven by 
a man who loves a horse. The city delivery horse, 
his van and his driver, now belong to the adver- 
tising department of the establishment and here 
is a service newly created that needs more good 
horses than the street car companies ever did. 
Every friend of the horse will rejoice in hh 
emancipation from the street car and his elevation 
to the delivery van. 

How many men were ever known to sell a 
carriage horse or a saddler and buy a bicycle? 
with all its usefulness, it is but a poor substitute 
for a horse and there is not the least danger of 
one displacing the other. No man who has ever 
felt the thrill of answering intelligence along the 
reins of his favorite driver will ever be satisfied 



128 Janes's Up-to-Now 

to confine himself to a dumb thing made of steel 
of which he himself must furnish the motive 
power. We seem to forget that machinery has 
displaced the horse in the most ordinary service. 
We also seem to forget that the horse is progress- 
ing upward as to his occupation and we have been 
breeding him backward, except as to heavy draft 
and the race track. 

This demand for better horses is not new and 
transient, but is natural and will endure. It is for 
breeders to study its nature. Breed such as will 
satisfy the new conditions and stop the increase 
of miscellaneous rubbish. 

Besides the heavy draft, let us have a useful 
intelligent horse of medium size with a deep thick 
chest, upstanding neck, full forhead and large 
bright eye and open nostril and erect ear, a short 
leg heavily muscled, with a long low stride that 
brings the foot lightly to the ground. Then with 
a short back and strong loin, we shall have a 
horse of good action, of great endurance and one 
that will give good promise of rendering good 
service for twenty years, for such a horse there 



Doctor and Receipt Book 129 

is a strong and growing demand. Who will breed 
him? Out of what blood lines will he be pro- 
duced? 

I am certainly glad to see such men as Coburn 
and Davenport predicting a future for the horse 
as they do. But in the latter's remarks, or in 
his closing remarks he queries out of what blood 
lines will he be produced. 

In answer to this, let me say, there are two 
breeds of horses that are ultimately destined to 
fill the requirements. First, the German Coach 
horse. Second, the Morgan, and of the two, I 
believe the German Coach horse must lead the 
Morgan as an all purpose horse. But I am also 
in clined to believe that as a cavalry horse, the 
Morgan horse leads all breeds. And in support 
of my contention, will cite the fact that on account 
of the shortage in cavalry horses the U. S. Gov- 
ernment has taken steps to raise their own horses 
and their choice seems to be the Morgan horse. 
As I learn from good authority, that the Govem- 
mjent has established a Morgan horse farm in the 
State of Vermont for the purpose of breeding up 
the Morgan horse and encouraging breeders in 



130 Janes's Up-to-Now 

raising cavalry horses. Of course, I am inclined 
to believe that for this country and for the 
horseman's best interest the German Coach is 
the winner. He has the size, action, has good 
eyes, good feet, wind and wonderful endurance. 
Take it all in all, I think they are as healthy a 
breed as can be found. They have the size to do 
any ordinary farm work there is to do in this 
country and in case a drive to town is to be made, 
they will step off eight and ten miles an hour 
with all ease. Combined with all the above qual- 
ities, they are a very intelligent breed of horses 
and easily educated or broken, especially is in- 
telligence essential to a good all purpose horse; 
as a rule the smarter the horse, the more easily 
he is broken. 

The northwestern part of Germany is noted 
for their high bred horses, especially the prov- 
inces of Hanover, Mecklenburg, that western part 
of Schleswigholstein between the rivers Elbe and 
Eider and the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg has 
for more than two centuries been famed for its 
highly developed type of trotters and coaching 
horses. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 131 

These horses have been carefully selected and 
bred for generations and enhanced by a strain of 
thoroughbred blood. Such horses as these are 
now in great demand as the all purpose horse. 
And we think not many years hence they will be 
the most sought for horse in the land and com- 
mand the highest prices of any horses on the 
market. Early in the Seventeenth Century, Han- 
overian stock was exported for the purpose of 
improving the breeds of other countries, princi- 
pally Great Britain, which country afterwards 
furnished in return many thoroughbreds^ the in- 
fusion of this blood proving to be a great benefit 
to the Hanoverian type by moderating their mas- 
siveness without a loss of strength. These horses 
are chiefly distinguished by their elegance and 
stateliness of movement and use to be used very 
much as state coach horses. We are told that 
ever since their introducjtion into England in 
1820, these horses have drawn the Royal car- 
riages and it is said a few years back, the Queen's 
stables contained some one hundred specimens of 
the breed. 



132 Janes's Up-to-Now 

A bay of this breeding sixteen and one-half 
hands high was ridden by the Emperor of Ger- 
many at the Queen's Jubilee Celebration. 

The German Coachers owe much of their rapid 
development to the fostering care and patronage 
of the Government, which lent encouragement to 
the breeding interests as early as 1735 and estab- 
lished a Government stud especially for coach 
purposes. Its parental supervision dates back 
for more than a century. Up until recent years 
there has been comparatively few German Coach 
horses in the United States, but those importa- 
tions created favorable impression that it has 
become more general and we think as yet it is 
in its infancy. They have proved themselves 
most prepotent, transmitting their qualities to 
their offspring with great certainty. These horses 
are nearly all solid colors, bay, brown or black 
and range from fifteen hands to seventeen hands 
high and weigh from twelve to sixteen hundred 
pounds. The typical coacher should trot very 
regularly with free knee and hock action, be 
stylish and handsome. Have short or medium 
back and good quarters. His shoulders should 



Doctor and Receipt Book 133 

slope gracefully back, carrying a lengthy, well 
arched neck and cleanly chiseled head, free from 
meat. He should have a clear, full, expressive, 
dark eye, and the visage of a thoroughbred. His 
limbs and feet should be absolutely sound, with 
clean flat bone and his action should be< high, 
bold and square, with sufficient speed to step 
off eight to twelve miles an hour, with ease and 
grace. His disposition spirited and intelligent 
and you have all that could be wished for in any 
one horse. 

In conclusion let me say Kansas has surprised 
the world with some of her productions in the 
line of harness horses, such as Joe Patchen, known 
as the iroh race horse of his age. Was bred and 
raised by C. and M. M. Rathbone, Peabody, Kan- 
sas, and then John R. Gentry, bred and raised on 
the Toler farm near Wichita, Kansas. Many 
lovers of the race horse will remember that great 
and noted match of these two Kansas bred horse's 
at Wichita in the fall of 1899 when nearly 20,000 
people had gathered to witness this race for the 
special purse of $3,000 and, if I am not mistaken. 



134 Janes's Up-to-Now 

not many years hence the eyes of the world will 
be turned toward Kansas cavalry horses. Judging 
from the present interest that is being manifested 
in the breeding of coach horses. 



History of the Horse 

The early history and origin of the horse is 
wrapped in obscurity and fable and we really 
know little or nothing of it, except we have reason 
to believe that he first came from Asia, like man, 
and according to the Mosaic account all other 
animals existing; and that he was used in Egypt 
more than 1600 years B. C. But with the history 
of the horse, I shall not encumber this book, 
which might be enlarged to an enormous extent, 
if this deparment was entered into at length. 
Suffice it, then, to discuss the present condition 
of the horse and its more recent origin, as now 
existing in this country in addition to his general 
habits. We have at present time three herds of 
wild horses roaming at large in the United States, 
one in the northwest part of Montana and one in 
Idaho and one in Nevada. Of course a great 
many people are aware of this fact, but I merely 



136 Janes's Up-to-Now 

make mention of this as no doubt it will interest 
many who do not know at this day and age that 
there is a single wild horse left in the United 
States. 

The habits of the horse in all countries and 
of all varieties are pretty much alike. Wherever 
he is at large he is bold but wary and easily taking 
note of man's approach and to give him as wide 
a berth as he possibly can or rather show him 
a clean pair of heels. Wild horses exist in great 
numbers yet in parts of Asia and also in South 
America. From their constant state of liberty 
and their roving habits, in order to obtain food 
and water, they are inured to fatigue, and can 
bear an enormous amount of long continued fast 
work without that training which the domesti- 
cated animal must have. The walk and the gallop 
are the horse's natural paces and all others are 
acquired; but nothing can exceed the fiery ani- 
mation and elegance of movement of the free 
horse, and in these two paces art has done nothing 
to improve his form, except perhaps in slightly 
increasing the speed of the latter. In all countries 
and in all ages the horse in his native state has 



Doctor and Receipt Book 137 

more metal and staying qualities according to his 
size than his domesticated brother. This is one 
of the arguments you quite often hear quoted 
as argument against clipping horses in the spring, 
but as I am to close on this subject will give a few 
reasons why a horse should be clipped in the 
spring and fall as well. 



Clipping Horses 

I must admit in the beginning, that when men 
first began this treatment or rather practice, I 
was foremost in offering criticism as on the spur 
of the moment, I certainly could see no good 
from this practice and on the other hand I could 
not see the animal stand around and suffer from 
the cold which I though was enough against this 
practice if nothing more could be said. But as I 
have said in other places in this book that I was 
from Missouri, yet I am always willing to be 
shown, and after watching this practice and 
studying it closely for years, I find it not only 
humane but a decided advantage to the horse as 
well as a benefit to the owner in a financial way. 

But now, I want you, my dear reader, to re- 
member one thing and that is, you cannot jump 
in any old time and clip your horse to an advan- 
tage, but if clipped in the right time, you can 



Doctor and Receipt Book 139 

keep the horse up on less fed and he is less liable 
to disease and also less liable to carry disease. 

As I have an article before me from the Horse 
Review that I think just hits the spot which I 
shall quote and close on this subject. 

"Often complaints become numerous as to 
horses 'doing' badly. Either they are off their 
feed or their food seems to *do them no good/ as 
the attendant expresses it, or they are dull, 
spiritless, sluggish, easily fatigued, sweat pro- 
fusely on the slightest exertion and their coats are 
rough, lusterless and staring. Even horses that 
are managed on the most approved lines are al- 
ways very much below par at the season of chang- 
ing the coat and when it grows long, they suffer 
from coughs and colds, show signs of debility 
and do not perform their work well. For most 
cases of this kind, clipping will be found to be 
the best remedy and the question, should horses 
be clipped? can be answered in the affirmative. 
At least in the case the animals called upon to 
perform fast or severe work. We are, of course, 
aware that clipping has its opponents as well as 
its advocates, although the former are fast be- 






140 Janes's Up-to-Now 

coming fewer in number every year. The chief 
arguments against clipping seem to be our fathers 
did not clip; that the summer coat comes better 
in the undipped animal and that it is contrary 
to nature, who would not have provided this 
coat if unnecessary. 

The first contention is admitted. Thelast gen- 
eration did not clip its horses and for this there 
were two reasons ; it did not know any better, and 
it had not the same facilities for doing so as 
exist today. The few horses that were clipped 
then had the coat removed with the comb and 
scissors and in some cases with the razor and this 
meant at a cost of not less than $15.00 and con- 
siderable refreshment. Those who remember the 
days before the perfection of the clipping machine 
can quite understand why our fathers did not 
commonly clip their horses, or when they did 
so clipped them but once in the season. More- 
over their management was no better than ours. 
Nor were horses healthier; indeed in many cases 
their stables were hot beds of disease. They 
were kept at a tropical heat. Generally py the 
careful exclusion of pure air and the animals were 



Doctor and Receipt Book 141 

heavily clothed to prevent the growth of the coat. 
In large stables more men were kept. Men were 
cheaper and better and had to rub their charges 
dry when they came in dripping wet. The hot 
stables, several rugs and the larger amount of 
grooming kept the coat from growing to the 
extent it does now that stables are more airy, 
clothing lighter and men lazier. 

The second objection that the summer coat 
does not come off so nicely is admitted also. It 
is especially true if the clipping is too frequent or 
too late. 

To clip after the second week in January is 
to spoil the summer coat and the animal is of 
several colors, very rough in coat, and altogether 
deficient in the bloom characteristic of the animal 
which has shed its winter coat naturally. Per- 
haps it is better to have comfortable working 
health and freedom from coughs and colds during 
the autumn and winter than a smart appearance 
in the spring but they can all be secured if there 
is a judicious selection of time and if ordinary care 
is exercised. A great deal depends on the breed- 



142 Janes's Up-to-Now 

ing of the animal, the grooming and the conditions 
under which it is kept. It is cold that induces 
the growth of the coat and a horse turned out or 
kept in a cold draughty place or stable and only 
half groomed, will, especially if coarse bred, have 
a long coat at a much earlier period than one 
warmly sheltered and well dressed. The theory of 
interference with nature is absurd. 

Nature provides the horse with two coats 
every year. In the spring he sheds his long win- 
ter coat for a fine short covering of hair that' 
is more porous and retains the animal heat less 
perfectly. 

In a state of nature he would be admirably 
provided to withstand the cold of winter, especial- 
ly if he got plenty to eat, but under domestication 
the conditions are changed and he has to work 
instead of roaming at liberty in the fields. Ani- 
mals performing fast or severe work with a long 
coat suffer an unnecessary drain on the system. 
The sweat of the horse is not a simple mixture of 
water and salts, but of water, proteid and salts 
and the observed loss of flesh which follows. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 143 

Horses being worked undipped as was the 
practice a generation ago is thus readily ex- 
plained, the chances of chill following the return 
to the stable of an undipped animal, with a long 
winter coat that takes two men an hour to dry, 
even if they are willing to try, have not been 
exaggerated. 

Therefore, this covering, which, in a state of 
nature would be an admirable provision for keep- 
ing him warm, because under artificial conditions, 
a source of positive danger to him. This, we 
think, disposes of the arguments against clipping, 
certainly where fast working horses are concerned 
the advantages are too obvious to need enumer- 
ation. Unless the circumstances are exceptional, 
all horses that move beyond a walk should be 
clipped and artificially clothed and it will be 
found as a result that they feed, thrive and work 
better and are less subject to colds and coughs. 
Some contend that the horse of slow draught 
neither requires the coat removing nor clothing. 
That is, that agricultural horses do not benefit by 
clipping. We are not so sure about it, but the 



144 Janes's Up-to-Now 

practice is certainly increasing, and many farmers 
claim coughs and colds absent. This they did 
not enjoy before its practice was commenced on 
their teams. 

— By W. R. Gilbert in the Horse Review. 



The Examination of the Stable 
Horses for Soundness 

I have been asked every spring about this 
one line of work and what I think of this law and 
if I think a veterinary is allowed to charge $8 or 
$10 for examination of his stallion, when the law 
only allows him $2.00 for his services. 

To the first question: 

I answer this law is a step in the right direc- 
tion, but like many other laws will be badly 
abused for years to come. In the first place, 
horses will be passed that should not be and 
on the other hand if the ex-veterinary has a sore 
spot he can find a few blemishes on Mr. Farmer's 
horse and have him registered in the state as 
such. 

Of course, I do not say this will often occur, 
but these are only a few of many things that can 



146 Janes's Up-to-Now 

be put over on the farmer under this law. Of 
course this like all others will be improved on. 

In answer to the second question, will just give 
you a short article taken from the A. J. V. M. 
and entitled "The laborer and his hire." 

In Kansas where they pay brick layers and 
stone masons 65c per hour when engaged on 
state work, but where the law prohibits the pay- 
ment by the state of more than 50c an hour for 
veterinary services, the legislature recently saw 
fit to enact a stallion registration law requiring, 
among other things, an examination for sound- 
ness. 

The examination called for is most thorough 
and must be made by a qualified veterinary. The 
law provides that the charge for this examination 
shall not exceed $2.00 for each stallion examined. 

The owner of the stallion pays the fee. The 
veterinary gets it. The state is no party to the 
transaction and could with just as much propriety 
set the fee for attending a case of colic. Most 
of the veterinaries in Kansas with more or less 
grumbling against those in the profession whom 



Doctor and Receipt Book 147 

they believed to have anything to do or be re- 
sponsible for the low fee, acquiesced in the two 
dollar per examination arrangement, but not all. 

Dr. W. W. Wiseman of Delphos was recently 
called to examine a stallion at some distance from 
his office and charged $2.00 for the examination 
and $10.00 the regular charge for mileage. His 
aggrieved client took the matter up with the 
state officials, who supported him in his con- 
tention. The matter ended in the courts, where 
Dr. Wiseman won. 

Now I think this article should forever set 
at rest the doubt in the minds of those that think 
a veterinary can hitch up and make a ten or 
twelve mile drive and examine a horse for $2.00 
even though it is the law. The law says NO, 
the Court says YES. This puts one in mind of 
the story of the guy that got into jail and sent 
for a lawyer, and of course his offense was some 
minor one and on questioning his client, ex- 
claimed, "Why they can't put you in jail for that." 
But his client having a slight strain of Irish in 
his veins came back with the answer, "But oi'm 
here just the same." 



148 Janes's Up-to-Now 

There is no doubt but what this law is very 
lame as there should have been some provisions 
made for these cases that call for a veterinary 
at a long distance for this examination and my 
notion is this law should either be repealed or 
amended. 



A Few Things a Farmer 
Should Know 

I have had occasion to call Mr. Farmer and 
Horseman's attention to a few of these things 
many times in the course of my years of practice 
and more than once have I had them say to 
me if they had know a few of these things they 
could have detected the lack of knowledge in a 
would be veterinary and have stopped him from 
doing their horse an injury. 

I shall only mention the teeth in the way of 
milk caps as very near every book along this line 
tells you all about the teeth and that the colt 
begins to get his permanent teeth at the age 
of coming three and keeps shedding until he 
comes five, when he has a full mouth. Now 
then, dear reader, when you have a veterinary 
pulling milk caps off from your colts, never allow 
him to put his forceps on a tooth behind the third 



150 Janes's Up-to-now 

one as he will ruin a permanent tooth. The colt 
only sheds the three first jaw teeth, remember 
this. The rest concerning colt teeth, I have al- 
ready discussed quite fully in a previous chapter. 
Another thing: do you know the horse has 216 
bones in his body and that one-tenth his weight 
is blood? Lean horses have more blood accord- 
ingly than fat ones. A horse has 24 jaw teeth, 12 
incisors and 4 tushes or bridle teeth, 40 in all. A 
mare the same except the last four. The horse's 
pulse beat is around 38 per minute; respiration 
ten or twelve; temperature 98.5; a 1000-pound 
horse can lose 50 pounds blood and still recover. 
The average horse's stomach holds about four 
gallons. This is very small compared with the 
cow brute. The horse's liver usually weighs from 
ten to twelve pounds. 



Jockey Tricks 



How to Make a Foundered and Spavined Horse 
Go Off Limber. — Take tincture cayenne, one 
ounce; laudanum, two ounces; alcohol, one pint; 
rub the shoulders well with warm water, then 
rub the above on his shoulders and backbone ; give 
him one ounce of laudanum and one pint of gin; 
put it down his throat with a pint bottle ; put his 
feet in warm turpentine, rub it on the bottom part 
of his feet .with a sponge after taking them out 
of the water; drive him about half a mile or a 
mile, until he comes out as limber as a rag. If 
he does not surrender to his pain, tie a thin cord 
around the end of his tongue. 

How to Make Old Horses Appear Young. — 
Take tincture of assafoetida, one ounce; tincture 
cantharides, one ounce; oil cloves, one ounce; 
oil cinnamon, one ounce; antimony, two ounces; 
fenugreek, one ounce; fourth proof brandy, one- 
half gallon. Let it stand ten days, then give ten 
drops in one gallon of water. 



152 Janes's Up-to-Now 

How to Make a True-Pulling Horse Balk. — 

Take tincture of cantharides, one ounce and cor- 
rosive sublimate, one dram. Mix and bathe the 
shoulders at night. 

How to Distinguish between Distemper and 
Glanders. — The discharge from the nose, if glan- 
ders, will sink in water, if distemper, it will not. 

To Make a Horse Fleshy in a Short Time. — 

Feed with buckwheat bran, to which add a little 
of the shorts ; keep in a dark stable. Half a day's 
drive will make a horse fatted in this way poor. 

How to Make a Horse Stand by His Feed and 
Not Eat It. — Grease the front teeth and roof of 
the mouth with common tallow, and he will not 
eat until you wash it out. 

How to Make a Horse Appear as if He Had 
the Glanders. — Melt fresh butter and pour in his 
ears. 

How to Make a Horse Appear as if Foundered. 
— ^Take a fine wire or any substitute, and fasten 
it around the pastern joint at night, smlooth the 
hair down over it nicely, and by morning he will 
walk as stiff as if foundered. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 153 

To Tame Horses. — Take finely grated horse 
castor, oils of rhodium and cumin; keep them in 
separate bottles, well corked; put some of the 
oil of cumin on your hand, and approach the horse 
on the windy side. He will then move toward 
you. Then rub some of the cumin on his nose, 
give him a little of the castor on anything he 
likes, and get eight or ten drops oil of rhodium 
on his tongue. You can then get him to do any- 
thing you like. Be kind and attentive to the 
animal, and your control is certain. 



Medical Department 

Janes Liniment. — Take tincture opii, four 
ounces; oil spike, two ounces; cajeput, two 
ounces; oil sassafras, one ounce; oil cloves, one 
ounce; oil organum, one and one-half ounces; oil 
mustard, six drams; one ounce of tincture cap- 
sicum; two ounces gum camphor; one-half gallon 
alcohol. Use as any ordinary liniment for com- 
mon aches and pains. For sore throats place one 
pint hot water in a quart can, then put one table- 
spoonful of the liniment into this hot water and 
inhale through the mouth for 10 to 15 minutes 
three or four times a day, or better still saturate 
a woolen cloth with the liniment and bind over 
the mouth for three or four hour and you will be 
wonderfully surprised at the results. For croup, 
bathe throat and chest and give 10 to 15 drops 
every thirty minutes in one teaspoonful warm 
water until relieved. No family should be with- 
out this liniment in the house. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 155 

Healing Salve. — One-half pound petrolatum, 
one-half pound resin; one-half pound sweet elder 
bark. Simmer over a slow fire for three or four 
hours until it forms a dark hard salve and you 
have a splendid salve for cuts, bruises, burns, 
boils and all kinds of old sores. To use, spread 
on a piece of cloth and apply to sores. 

A Sure Cure for Rheumatism. — Tincture opii, 
one dram; tincture capsicum, ten drops; alcohol, 
one-half ounce; sweet oil, one quart; nitrate pot- 
ash, two ounces: dissolve the potash in the oil, 
then add the balance. No better remedy known 
for inflammatory rheumatism. Bathe the parts 
affected two or three times daily and you will 
soon have no rheumatism. 

Another Good Salve. — Boric acid, one ounce; 
witch hazel, one dram; sheep's tallow, once ounce; 
bee's wax, one ounce ; sweet oil, one ounce ; red 
lead, one-half ounce; gum camphor, two ounces. 
Put all these in a stone dish and fry for three or 
four hours. Spread on paper or cloth and apply 
to sores. 

A splendid remedy for itching piles is made 
as follows: Menthol grains, fifteen; hammam- 



156 Janes's Up-to-Now 

eles, one dram ; triturate into a paste and then add 
boric acid, one dram ; vaseline, two ounces (white 
vaseline). Try this remedy and you will be well 
pleased with results. I gave this to a friend of 
mine that had been bothered with itching piles 
for twenty years and he told me afterwards that 
he applied this salve night and morning for 10 
days and had a complete cure. This is also a fine 
salve for nasal catarrh. 

Cough Syrup. — Take one quart hoarhound and 
one quart water and boil down to one pint, then 
add two sticks licorice and one tablespoonful es- 
sence lemon and one dram alcohol; ten drops oil 
organum. This receipt has sold for $100.00 and 
it is asserted that several firms are making big 
money manufacturing it. 

Cough Cure. — Oil organum, oil sassafras, oil 
hemlock, oil cedar, of each, two ounces; raw lin- 
seed oil, one quart. Mix, shake well and give 
one tablespoonful every three hours. Children 
less. 

Pain Killer. — Here is a fine pain killer. Take 
tincture capsicum, tincture rhubarb, essence pep- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 157 

permint, spirits camphor, of each one-half ounce. 
Mix and give a few drops in warm water. Repeat 
it if necessary. 

Liniment. — Here is an old fashioned home 
made liniment and a good one too. Take three 
quarts pure cider vinegar; six eggs. Mix and 
shake well for 20 or 30 minutes then add tur- 
pentine, 16 ounces, and shake well again, then 
add benzine, eight ounces; aqua ammonia, eight 
ounces. Always shake well each time before add- 
ing each ingredient. Now, if you want to have 
one of the best liniments made, add to the above 
12 ounces alcohol, 8 ounces chloroform. Let stand 
for a few days and then use as any other liniment. 

To Mend Crockery. — Take four pounds white 
glue; one and one-half pounds dry white lead; 
one-half pound isinglass ; one gallon soft water ; 
one quart alcohol; one-half pint white varnish; 
dissolve the glue and isinglass in the water by 
gentle heat; stir in the lead; put the alcohol in 
the varnish and mix the whole together. 

Tomato Catsup. — Boil one bushel tomatoes 
until they are soft, squeeze them through a fine 
wire sieve. Add one and one-half pints salt; 



158 Janes's Up-to-Now 

two ounces cayenne pepper and five medium sized 
head onions, skinned and separated. Mix and 
boil until reduced one-half, then bottle. 

Good Taffy. — Two cups sorghum, one cup 
sugar; four ounces butter. Cook all together un- 
til a little dropped in cold water will harden, then 
add a pinch of soda. Pour onto a buttered platter 
and let cool until it can be pulled. 

Fiudge. — Two cups sugar, one-half cup milk; 
four ounces butter; chocolate as desired, and a 
teaspoonful of vanila. Boil all together until it 
will thread when dropped from the spoon. 

Take from the fire and whip until it begins to 
thicken. Then turn quickly onto a buttered plat- 
ter and mark in squares as soon as it sets suffi- 
ciently. 

Good Nut Candy. — Two cups brown sugar; 
one cup syrup (Karo preferred) ; one-half cup 
rich milk (or cream) , and a small lump of butter. 
Boil all together until it will make a ball when 
tested in cold water. 

Take from the fire and whip until it is partly 
cooled, when the chopped nuts may be added. 
Then continue whipping until it is quite stiff, 



Doctor and Receipt Book 159 

when it may be poured onto a buttered platter 
and scored into squares. •'' 

This candy requires lots of whipping, as it is 
sticky like taffy that has not ben cooked suffi- 
ciently, if it is not whipped. 

Dr. Parker's Great Cure for Diarrhoea and 
Cramps in Stomach. — Two parts tincture cam- 
phor, tincture opium, tincture African cayenne, 
essence peppermint, one part tincture rhubarb. 
Mix. Dose — Half teaspoonful for an adult, and 
from five to ten drops for the child. Repeat the 
dose in fifteen minutes if the patient is not re- 
lieved. Bathe the bowels with strong vinegar. 
This is one of the most valuable secrets that this 
book contains. It has saved hundreds of lives. 
If you manufacture this article and sell a few 
bottles in any locality, its great virtues will soon 
spread far and wide, and you will have orders 
from families, druggists, and others. Put it up 
to retail for 25 cents. 

Cement for Broken China, Glass, Etc. — The 
following recipe, from experience, we know to be 
a good one, and, being nearly colorless, it 
posses advantages which liquid glue and other 



160 Janes's Up-to-Now 

cements do not: Dissolve half an ounce of gum 
acacia in a wineglass of boiling water; add plas- 
ter of Paris sufficient to form a thick paste, and 
apply with a brush to the parts required to be 
cemented together. 

Best Blacking for Boots and Shoes. — Ivory 
black, one and a half ounces; molasses, one and 
a half ounces; sperm oil, three drams; strong oil 
of vitriol, three drams; common vinegar, half a 
pint. Mix the ivory black, molasses and vinegar 
together, then mix the sperm oil and oil of vitriol 
separately, and add them to the other mixture. 

To Destroy Flies in a Room. — Take half a 
teaspoonful of black pepper, one teaspoonful of 
brown sugar, and one tablespoonful of cream; 
mix them well together and place them in a room 
on a plate, where the flies are troublesome and 
they will soon disappear. 

To Drive Cockroaches from Your DweJling. — 

Strew pulverized helebore root on the hearth, 

floor, or places they frequent at night. In the 

morning the roaches will be found either dead or 

dying, for such is their avidity for this plant. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 161 

that they never fail to eat it when they can get it. 
Black pulverized hellebore may be had at all 
herb shops. 

Scarlet Fever. — It is unnecessary for a child 
to die of scarlet fever as it is that it should be 
blind with cataract.. Let us see. At any time 
before the body has finished its infectual struggle 
we are able to help it, not by wonderful medicine, 
but by the knowledge of anatomy and the appli- 
cation of a little common sense. We consult the 
sympathetic nerve, and do what it commands us 
to do. We mjust give this child salt when it 
wants it. We must give it acid when it has fever 
and anxiously craves it, not vinegar, but lemon 
juice, because the first coagulates albumen and 
the latter does not, on account of the amount of 
oxygen it contains. To imitate the smoothing 
mucus in the intestines, which is not wanting, 
and to give some respiratory food at the same 
time, we add some gum arable. To restore and 
relieve the injured nerve, we apply moist warmth. 

In practice we can fulfil all this with the fol- 
lowing manipulations: Undress the child and 
bring it to bed at the very first signs of sick- 



162 Janes's Up-to-Now 

ness. Give it, if it has already fever, sourish 
warm lemonade, with some gum-arabic in it. 
Then cover its abdomen with some dry flannel. 
Take a well-folded bed sheet and put in boiling 
hot water; wring out by means of dry towels 
and put this over the whole and wait. The hot 
cloth will perhaps require repeated heating. Ac- 
cording to the severity of the case and its stage 
of progress, perspiration will commence in the 
child, in from ten minutes to two hours. The 
child then is saved; it then falls asleep. Soon 
after the child awakes, it shows slight inclina- 
tion for food help its bowels, if necessary, with 
injections of soap, oil and water, and its recov- 
ery will be as steady as the growth of a plant in 
the green-house if well treated. 

Of course if the child were already dying 
nothing could save it, or if it has effusions in 
the lining of the heart or brain, it is much better 
that it should die. But if the above is applied 
in due time, under the eyes and directions of a 
competent physician, I will guarantee that not 
one in a hundred children will ever die of scarlet 
fever. I know this will startle some of my read- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 163 

ers especially those who have already lost chil- 
dren, but I shall go still further. I maintain that 
a child will never get scarlet fever if properly 
treated. If the child has correctly mixed blood 
it will never catch the scarlet fever if put in bed 
with a sick child. This is still more startling, 
but nothing easier got rid of. 

Moths. — A very pleasant perfume, and also 
preventative against moths, may be made of the 
following ingredients: Take of cloves, caraway 
seeds, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, and Tonquin 
beans, of each one ounce then add a much Floren- 
tine orris-root as will equal the other ingredients 
put together. Grind the whole well to powder, 
and then put in little bags, among your clothes, 
etc. 

Cheap and Good Vinegar. — To eight gallons 
of clear rain water, add three quarts of molasses ; 
turn the mixture into a clean tight cask, shake 
it well two or three times, and add three spoon- 
fuls of good yeast, or two yeast cakes, place the 
cask in a warm place and in ten or twelve days 
add a sheet of common brown wrapping paper, 
smeared with molasses, and torn into narrow 



164 Janes's Up-to-Now 

strips, and you will soon have good vinegar. The 
paper is necessary to form the "mother" or life 
of the vinegar. 

To Increase the Flow of Milk in Cows. — Give 
your cows three times a day, water slightly warm, 
slightly salted, in which bran has been stirred at 
the rate of one quart to two gallons of water. 
You will find if you have not tried this daily 
practice, that the cow will give twenty-five per 
cent more milk, and she will become so much 
attached to the diet that she will refuse to drink 
clear water unless very thirsty, but this mess she 
will drink at almost any time, and ask for more. 
The amount of this drink necessary is an ordi- 
nary water-pail full each time, morning, noon and 
night. Avoid giving cows "slops," as they are 
no more fit for the animal than they are for the 
human. 

White Wine Vinegar. — Mash up twenty 
pounds raisins, and add ten gallons of water; let 
it stand in a warm place for one month, and you 
will have pure white wine vinegar. The raisins 
may be used a second time the same way. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 165 

To Mend Crockery, No. 1. — Four pounds of. 
white glue, one and a half pounds dry white lead, 
one-half pound isinglass, one gallon soft water, 
one quart alchohol, one-half pint white varnish; 
dissolve the glue and isinglass in the water by 
gentle heat if preferred ; stir in the lead, put the 
alchohol in the varnish, and mix the whole to- 
gether. 

Extirpation of Cockroaches.. — Common red 
wafers, to be found at any stationer's will answer 
the purpose. The cockroaches eat them and die. 
Also sprinkle powdered borax plentifully around 
there "they most do congregate," and renew it 
occasionally; in a short time not a roach will be 
seen. This is a safe and most effectual extermi- 
nator. 

Great Art of Waterproofing Cloth. — For many 
years I have worn India rubber waterproof; but 
I will buy no more, for I have learned that good 
Scottish tweed can be made completely impervi- 
ous to rain, and, moreover, I have learned how 
to make it so; and for the benefit of the public 
I have been led to sell this recipe, which is as 
follows : In a pail of soft water put half a pound 



166 Janes's Up-to-Now 

of sugar of lead (the acetate of lead,) and half 
a pound of alum; stir this at intervals until it 
becomes clear; then pour it off into another pail, 
and put the garments therein, and let it be for 
twenty-four hours, and then hang it up to dry 
without wringing it. Two of my party, a lady 
and gentleman — have worn garments thus treat- 
ed in the wildest storm of wind and rain without 
getting wet. The rain hangs upon the cloth in 
globules; in short, they are really waterproof. 
A fortnight ago I walked nine miles in a storm 
of wind and rain, such as you rarely see, and when 
I slipped off my overcoat my underclothes were 
as dry as when I put them on. This is, I think, 
a secret worth knowing; for cloth, if it can be 
made to keep out wet, is in every way better 
than that we know as waterproof. 

Great English Harness Blacking. — Three 
ounces turpentine, two unces white was, to be 
dissolved together over a slow fire ; then add one 
ounce of ivory-black and one dram of indigo, to 
be well pulverized and mixed together. When 
the wax and the turpentine are dissolved, add 
the ivory black and the indigo, and stir till cold. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 167 

Apply very thin; brush afterward, and it will 
give a beautiful polish. This blacking keeps the 
leather soft, and, properly applied, gives a good 
polish. It is excellent for buggy tops, harness, 
etc. Old harness if hard may be washed in warm 
water, and when nearly dry, grease it with neats- 
foot oil. 

Powerful Cement for Broken Marble. — Take 
gum arable, one pound; make into a thick mucil- 
age ; add to it powdered plaster of Paris, one and 
a half pounds sifted quick lime, five ounces; mix 
well; heat the marble and apply the mixture. 

Increase of Milk and Butter. — If cows are giv- 
en four ounces of French boiled hemp seed, it will 
greatly increase the quantity of milk. If pans 
are turned over this milk for fifteen minutes 
when first milked, or till cold the same milk will 
give double the quantity of butter. 

To Prevent Cattle, Fowls, etc., From Getting 
Old. — If cattle are occasionally fed a little of the 
extract of the June berry, it will renew or ex- 
tend the period of their lives. Use in connection 
with the vanila bean, and the two will produce 
the most wonderful results. It will acton people 



168 Janes's Up-to-Now 

the same as on the animal kingdom. Now flax 
seed frequently given to cattle in small qantities 
will make them, whether young or old, or if as 
poor and thin as skeletons, soon to appear fat 
and healthy. 

To Fatten Fowls in a Short Time. — Mix to- 
gether ground rice well scalded with milk, and 
add some coarse sugar. Feed them with this in 
the day time, but not too much at once. Let it 
be rather thick. 

Everlasting Fence Posts. — I discovered many 
years ago that wood could be made to last longer 
than iron in the ground, but thought the process 
so simple and inexpensive that it was not worth 
while to make any stir about it. I would as soon 
have poplar, basswood, or quaking ash as any 
other kind of timber for fence posts I have tak- 
en out basswood posts after having been set sev- 
en years, which were as sound when taken out as 
when they were first put in the ground. Time 
and weather seemed to have no effect on them. 
The posts can be prepared for less than two cents 
a-piece. This is the receipt: Take boiled lin- 
seed old and stir it in pulverized charcoal to the 



Doctor and Receipt Book 169 

consistency of paint. Put a coat of this over the 
timber, and there is not a man that will live to 
see it rotten. 

How to Test the Richness of Milk. — Procure 
any long glass vessel — a cologne bottle or long 
phial. Take a narrow strip of paper, just the 
length from the neck to the bottom of the phial, 
and mark it off with one hundred lines at equal 
distances; or into fifty lines, and count each as 
two, and paste it upon the phial, so as to divide 
its length into a hundred equal parts. Fill it 
to the highest mark with milk fresh from the 
cow, and allow it to stand in a perpendicular po- 
sition twenty-four hours. The number of spaces 
occupied by the cream will give you its exact 
percentage in the milk without any guess work. 

To Give a Stove a Fine Brilliant Appearance. 
— A teaspoonf ul pulverized alum mixed with stove 
polish will give the stove a fine lustre, which 
will be quite permanent. 

To Clean Furniture. — An old cabinet maker 
says the best preparation for cleaning picture 
frames and restoring furniture, especially that 
somewhat marred or scratched, is a mixture of 



170 Janes's Up-to-Now 

three parts linseed oil and one part spirits of 
turpentine. It not only oovers the disfigured 
surface, but restores wood to its natural color, and 
leaves a lustre upon its surface. Put on with a 
woolen cloth, and when dry, rub with woolen. 

To Clean and Oil Harness. — First take the 
harness apart, having each strap and piece by 
itself, then wash it in warm soap suds. When 
cleaned, black every part with the following dye : 
One ounce extract logwood, twelve grains bichro- 
mate of potash, both pounded fine ; when put into 
two quarts of boiling rainwater, and stir until all 
is dissolved. When cool, it may be used. You can 
bottle and keep for future use if you wish. It 
may be applied with a shoe-brush, or anything 
else convenient. When the dye has struck in, 
you may oil each part with neats foot oil, applied 
with a paint brush, or anything convenient. For 
second oiling use one-third castor oil, and two- 
thirds neats foot oil mixed. A few hours after, 
wipe clean with a woolen cloth, which gives the 
harness a glossy appearance. 

The preparation does not injure the leather 
or stitching, makes it soft and pliable and obvi- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 171 

ates the necessity of oiling- as often as is neces- 
sary by the ordinary mjethod. 

Salve for Man or Beast. — For all kinds of old 
sores, use honey and rosin, melted together; add 
lard enough to make a paste; when cool, it is 
fit for use. There is no salve better than this 
its medicinal qualities are excellent. 

To -Soften ..the ..Feet. — Spirits of tar, two 
ounces; fish oil, four ounces. This is very pen- 
etrating, to use where the feet are hard and brit- 
tale. Rub it in with a brush upon the crust and 
sole every night. 

Hoof Medicine. — Take Rosin, four ounces; 
beeswax, five ounces; lard two pounds; melt to- 
gether, pour it into a pot, add three ounces tur- 
pentine; two ounces finely pulverized verdigris 
one pound tallow ; stir all until it gets cold. This 
is one of the best medicines for the hoof ever 
used. It is good for corks or bruises of the foot. 

Heaves — Reasons Why it is Not in the Lungs. 
— First. If the disease was in the lungs, it would 
create inflammation, and have the same effect as 
inflammation of the lungs by cold. The horse 
would be weak and drooping without appetite, 



172 Janes*s Up-to-Now 

and really, could not be driven two miles as any 
person would drive a horse. But a heavy horse 
can be driven from eight to twelve miles within 
an hour. This is positive proof that it is not in 
the lungs. 

Second. Take a heavy horse and turn him out 
to pasture forty-eight hours, and he will breathe 
clear and easy, showing no signs of the heaves. 
The grass has not reached the lungs, still it has 
stopped the hard breathing; but if you will give 
the horse cold water to drink, he will cough. Has 
the water touched the lungs? No; but it has 
touched the disease. This is another reason why 
it is not in the lungs. 

I will tell you where the disease is, and what 
it is caused by. 1st. A dainty horse is not liable 
to heaves, but a hearty eater is liable to this 
disease — not from the amount of food that he 
eats, but from the hoggish way of eating. There 
are two pipes leading to the stomach and lungs; 
where they meet there is a throttle valve. A 
horse on eating coarse food, scratches his throt- 
tle ; then by a hard drive, and warming the horse, 
he takes cold in his wound, and becomes a run- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 173 

ning sore or canker. By turning the horse to 
grass the juice cleanses and washes the wound; 
the grass being cool takes the inflammation from 
the disease; the swelling is gone, and the horse 
breathes free and easy as ever. This is positive 
proof that it is not in the lungs. Then, by feed- 
ing with coarse and dry hay, it irritates and 
creates inflammation and causes the horse to 
breathe hard again. 



Hog Cholera 



As I have never made a study of the hog and 
his diseases, I shall only write this one article on 
the hog, but let me say in the start, this one ar- 
ticle, if strictly adhered to, will be worth many 
times the price of this book and I am sure will 
save some man hundreds of dollars worth of hogs. 

In my boyhood days I worked on the farm in 
the northeast part of Kansas for an old time hog- 
raiser and as it so happened they had some hog 
cholera both winters I was there; but this old 
timer never lost a hog notwithstanding all his 
neighbors lost more or less hogs. I remember 
one Sunday morning when he was going the 
rounds looking after the different pens of hogs, 
I noticed him carrying a candy bucket and dealing 
out some dope to his hogs and of course as most 
boys are usually more or less curious, I must know 
just what this old coon is doing, so proceeded ta 
ask a few questions, and here is the whole secret 



Doctor and Receipt Book 175 

just as he gave it to me and now mind you, he 
says "young man, this advice costs you nothing, 
but means dollars to you in case you ever raise 
hogs." 

In the first place, I will say his hog pens were 
built on and along a sand creek in fact, he said 
if he did not have plenty of sand in the lots he 
would haul it there. Then he took of wood ashes 
one part and air slacked lime, four parts and 
scattered this in the sandiest places in the lot 
then when he fed his hogs, he would string his 
feed on top of this mixture of ashes and lime. 
One thing I have never forgotten and that is his 
argument on cholera, he said not one-half of the 
cases of the so-called cholera was real hog chol- 
era. As he argued that worms killed more hogs 
than ever cholera and after watching him two 
years and talking to men who had known him 
for years, and they said he always had been lucky 
with hogs. I made up my mind that this remedy 
was simple and inexpensive and if I ever raised 
hogs I certainly would try this systemi. 

One thing more, lest I forget. This man also 
made a practice of giving the hogs a small dose 



176 Janes's Up-to-Now 

of lye in a bucket of slop to each fair sized hog. 
This has a tendency to keep the hogs free from 
worms. 

As a further precaution, he also used in case 
there was any disease in the community, the 
following preparation: To each fair sized hog 
he would give two drams of sulphur and half a 
dram of arsenic in a small amount of slop about 
twice a month. Now as strange as it may seem, 
this man never lost a hog from this hog plague 
and his next door neighbors lost hundreds of 
dollars worth of hogs before they would adopt 
his system of treatment. I asked the old gentle- 
man one day why he had not told more men about 
this plan of protecting hogs, only to get the 
answer that he tried to tell every man in the 
country. Then the next thing that came up in my 
mind was, why would men be so slow to adopt this 
system of treatment when it was so sure? To 
this he replied, "This remedy seems too simple." 
So now, Mr. Hogman, you have this, try it. Do 
not cast this aside without first testing it out. 
But now let us go back to the candy bucket we 
started out with. This old coon of the hills 



Doctor and Receipt Book 177 

claimed when finishing up hogs for the market 
they should have a little salt once a week, as it 
saved dollars worth of grain. This was a real 
hog raiser, and why not pattern after him, as I 
am quite sure such a good preventative is better 
than all the cures and I am certain much cheaper, 
I have up to recently claimed there is very little 
merit in any of the so-called hog cholera cures. 

Now one word on sanitary conditions and I 
will close, as I want to quote some good authority 
on my above remarks as to cures being failures. 

You have heard the expression all your life, 
"dirty as a hog". Now, while I am no lover of 
the hog, let me say I think the hog quite a clean 
animal when it has a chance, so you should always 
look after your hogs in this respect and see to 
it that they have plenty of room, clean water to 
drink, and they will fare pretty well. 

Now I wish to quote you a few words from 
a man well versed on this subject, as he is pres- 
ident of one of the largest hog serum companies 
in Kansas City, and you can see from the tone 
of his letter he has very little faith in the curative 



178 Janes's Up-to-Now 

qualities of the hog serum, but also tells you this 
is all rig-ht for which it was intended — a prevent- 
ive which I can sanction from experience. This 
article by Dr. F. W. Hueben, was read at the semi- 
annual meeting of the Missouri Valley Veterinary 
Society, Kansas City, February 1, 1912. 



Remarks on Hog Cholera 

By Frank W. Hueben, D. V. S. 

While diseases of hogs have been considerably 
discussed, and a repetition of these discussions 
may seem monotonous, I believe, taking into con- 
sideration its vast economic and scientific im- 
portance, that too much attention cannot be given 
it. The losses incurred by the prevalence of this 
malady among the hogs of our own, and other 
countries, is almost incalculable. 

In the year 1885, losses from hog cholera 
amounted to over $30,000,000 in the United States, 
and in 1887 to nearly $4,000,000 in the state of 
Indiana alone. The past year was another one 
in which the losses were such that it would not 
surprise me to see them figure approximately 
those of 1885. In some localities the ravages of 
hog cholera were so great that farmers who had 
hoped to market a handsome number of hogs, 



180 Janes's Up-to-Now 

lost their herds, not even saving enough for their 
winter meat. But aside from these exceptionally 
severe epizootics, hog cholera is with us always, 
decimating and even annihilating herds, of some 
parts of our country, causing great financial loss 
to the hog raisers of the stricken locality and 
menacing the hog supply of the nation, and always 
increasing the cost of meat. So I think there 
is good reason for the discussion and re-discus- 
sion of this vital subject. 

Hog cholera is a specific infectious, febrile 
disease of swine, the blood being the tissue most 
affected. It may be properly classed as a sep- 
ticemia. It occurs in two forms — acute and 
chronic, the acute form greatly predominating. 
It is caused by an ultra-microscopic organism, 
which, to date, has defied all attempts at cultiva- 
tion; probably because of failure to find the 
proper culture media. This organism is contained 
in all the body fluids, especially the blood, and is 
so small that it will pass through the finest filter. 
Its elimination takes place in all excrements, and 
the rapidity with which it is often disseminated 
may impress one that it may be violatile. As 



Doctor and Receipt Book 181 

stated, the virus is contained in the excretions 
of the diseased animals, becomes mixed with the 
contents of the pens and runs ; the food and water 
troughs become contaminated, so that animals 
such as dogs, cats, rats, or birds, which may 
pass through or alight in the pens, may transport 
to other herds. In rainy seasons the virus is 
washed from the infected fields into the creeks 
and small streams and in this way may pass it 
from herd to herd along their course. In dry 
seasons, as the past one was, the wind may be- 
come a great factor in the spread of the disease. 
It may be carried on the shoes of a friendly 
neighbor, on wagon wheels, on railroad cars, in 
fact anything coming in contact with the virus 
becomes a carrier thereof. Perhaps right here 
I may state that few stock raisers seem to realize 
the danger of a visit to the stock yards, where 
the infection always abounds, and from whence it 
may be carried home and cause destruction among 
their own and their neighbors' herds. 

Another important factor is the failure, of 
some whose hogs have died of the disease, to 
properly dispose of the carcasses, leaving them 



182 Janes*s Up-to-Now 

linburied or unburned, and in this manner allow- 
ing carrion birds and other animals to carry the 
infection from place to place. In fact, the ease 
with which this infection is disseminated has con- 
vinced me that a strict, thoroughly effective quar- 
antine is extremely difficult, if not impossible, 
of execution. True quarantine is helpful to a 
limited extent, but it will never entirely prevent 
the spread of the costly scourage from infested 
to non-infested areas. 

The incubation period of this infection varies 
from five to fourteen days, usually about seven 
to eight days, and produces the following symp- 
toms: 

At first there is listlessness ; this occasionally 
is preceded by shivering; the sick animals sep- 
arate themselves from the rest of the herd ; their 
temperature rises two to three degrees; there is 
disinclination to eat, and when driven the sick 
hogs lag behind, showing weakness, staggering; 
this is more pronounced in the hind quarters; 
the ears and tails are drooping; theer may be 
swelling at the base of the ears ; their temperature 



Doctor and Receipt Book 183 

keeps rising until it reaches 107, 108, 109 and 
even 110 degrees F. 

There is complete anorexia; sometimes there 
is a mucoid nasal discharge and lachrymation 
with adhesion to the eyelids; there appears a 
thumping and drawing in of the flanks; this 
thumping is usually non-synchronous with the 
respiratory movements; the respirations are ac- 
celerated; usually but not always there develops 
a dark-colored, foul-smelling diarrhoea, this may 
be preceded by constipation ; sometimes petechiae 
and ecchymoses, or blotches appear in the skin of 
the abdomen, between the thighs, and on the 
breast; these always occur in other parts of the 
skin, but cannot be so readily seen as on the 
parts mentioned. Death usually occurs in from 
one to five days in acute cases. 

In chronic cases the symptoms are prac- 
tically the same, but much slower, and less in- 
tense in their development ; hemorrhagic areas of 
the skin are nearly always present and are from 
dark red to purplish in color. Progressive emaci- 
ation also takes place, which is not so pronounced 
in the acute cases. 



184 Janes*s Up-to-Now 

Post-Mortem Lesions. — Varying-sized hem- 
orrhagic areas of skin, located especially between 
the thighs, along the abdomen and on the breast ; 
when the skin is removed the subcutaneous tissue 
usually shows many small ecchymoses; the in- 
guinal glands are usually but not always hem- 
orrhagic; the sublimbur, mesenteric, gastro- 
hepatic, bronchoesophageal and submaxillary 
lymphatic glands are nearly always hemorrhagic, 
varying in color from light red to almost black. 
The spleen is usually enlarged, dark in color, and 
friable, but is often found perfectly normal or 
just studded with petetechiae or ecchymoses, es- 
pecially along its borders and under surface. The 
kidneys are usually congested but sometimes pale 
in color, and show from a few to great number 
of petechiae and ecchymoses; these are sharply 
defined and will not wash off or disappear on rub- 
bing or on the application of pressure. The peri- 
toneum, both parietal and visceral, may or may 
not show petechiae or ecchymoses of the under- 
lying tissues. The greater lobes of the lungs are 
seldom involved, except occasionally ecchymoses 
under visceral pleura may be found. The cephalic 



Doctor and Receipt Book 185 

lobes, however, are nearly always in a state of 
either red, mixed or gray hepatization. Changes 
in the heart are rare. In one or two cases I have 
found ecchymoses on the external surface of the 
auricles. The stomach contents are sometimes 
mixed with blood; the mucous membrane con- 
gested and petechiae may be found under the 
serous surface. The small intestines usually ap- 
pear normal, except there may be petechiae under 
the serosa and congestion of the mucosa; the 
same can be said of the cecum and colon ; except 
in chronic cases, the mucosa is congested, thick- 
ened and presents necrotic ulcers, especially near 
the ilio-cecal valve; these ulcers varying in size, 
have a button-like appearance, and are covered 
with a dirty appearing coat which when removed 
discloses a ragged crater. Occasionally there is 
also a hemorrhagic infiltration of the bones, espe- 
cially noticeable in the cancellated portion of the 
vertebrae and sternal segments. In the clinical 
diagnosis of hog cholera the symptoms which 
have impressed me as being diagnostic are, high 
temperature, inappetence, weakness of the hind 
quarters, dark colored diarrhoea, thumping of the 



186 Janes's Up-to-Now 

flanks, which is non-synchronous with respira- 
tion, and hyperemic areas of the skin. 

On autopsy the following lesions verify diag- 
nosis: hyperemic glands, enlarged, dark colored, 
friable spleen, petechiae or ecchymoses in the cor- 
tex of the kidneys and under the serous mem- 
branes, hepatization of the cephalic lobes of the 
lunks; hemorrhagic areas of the skin, and in 
chronic cases ulceration of the mucous membrane 
of large intestine. 



Differential Diagnosis 

Swine Plague. — In swine plague there is 
marked dyspnea, hacking cough, thumping of 
flanks is synchronous with respiration, absence 
of dark colored diarrhoea; there is a diffuse ery- 
thema, light red in color, which affects princi- 
pally the thoracic region. 

Post-mortem. — Congestion, hepatization, and 
necrotic areas are found existing simultaneously 
in the lungs, giving them a mottled appearance 
when cut ; this is usually associated with fibrinous 
or purulent pleuritis and pericarditis; the con- 
gestion of the lymph glands is not as pronounced 
as in hog cholera. Usually confined to the cortex 
of the gland. There is no petechiae or ecchymoses 
on the kidneys; the spleen is normal, the mucous 
membrane of the intestines is normal and the 
temperature does not reach the height it does in 
hog cholera. 



188 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Pneumonia. — Marked dyspnea, thumping of 
the flank synchronous with respiration, cough 
is always present, no diarrhoea, is not as con- 
tagious as hog cholera. 

Post-mortem. — Congestion, red, mixed or gray 
hepatiaztion involving the greater portion of one 
or both lungs, absence of hemorrhagic areas of 
skin; kidneys, spleen and intestines normal. 

Worms. — Absence of high temperature, de- 
tection of parasites in the feces and occasionally 
in the vomition. No hemorrhagic areas on skin, 
anemic mucous membranes. 

Treatmentw — As the agents which have been 
selected for our materia medica have proven in- 
efficient as curatives for this malady, prohylaxis 
seems to be the proper and only treatment at 
hand. 

As stated in the beginning of this paper, com- 
plete quarantine being practically impossible, we 
must do the best we can along that line. Hygi- 
enic measures can be applied in the care of hogs 
as well as other animals; clean water, clean and 
proper feed, clean, well drained quarters, clean 
surroundings, the liberal use of disinfectants and 



Doctor and Receipt Book 18& 

the exclusion of strange animals, can do but good. 
But by far the most reliable preventive now avail- 
able is the administration of potent anti-hog- 
cholera serum by the simultaneous method. The 
proper use of this agent should become the means 
of exterminating hog cholera from the herds of 
the country, if we can educate, or persuade, the 
raisers of swine to have all the unvaccinated hogs 
now in the country vaccinated and continue the 
vaccination of all pigs littered ten to fifteen days 
after birth, or at the time of weaning. 

If this can be accomplished, I firmly believe 
that the days of hog cholera are numbered. To 
date it appears the inclination is to use anti-hog- 
cholera serum as a curative for the disease, which 
is not its proper field as the results obtained are. 
absolutely uncertain. True, the mortality in in- 
fected or exposed herds may be considerably re- 
duced by its administration after infection; but 
no definite proportion of recoveries can be prom- 
ised. I find that in using serum as a curative it 
is important to pay attention to the temperature 
and appetite, its injection being useless when the 
temperature is above 105 degrees F., or where the 



190 Janes's Up-to-Now 

appetite is entirely absent regardless of tempera- 
ture. If the animals still eat and the temperature 
is not above 105 F., I believe that the administra- 
tion of serum will save the larger portion of these 
hogs. The doses, however, should be increased 
to one and one-half the dosage for healthy hogs. 
As the dose of anti-hog-cholera serum is gauged 
according to the weight of the animal, it is im- 
portant that the user be proficient in judging the 
weight of hogs; he should at least make sure to 
estimate them on the safe side, rather estimating 
them over, than under, weight. 



Poultry Department 
Hatching and Brooding 

Natural vs. Artificial Incubation — Moisture the 

Supreme Question — A Natural Way 

to Supply It. 

Without doubt there are many incubators be- 
ing set this month (February) with expectations 
of ninety per cent hatches. In reality the hatches 
will average about forty per cent with beginners. 
The incubator is an indispensable machine on the 
commercial poultry plant but the claims made by 
most manufacturers are greatly exaggerated. 

Experienced operators can secure nearly as 
many and as high-quality chicks from the ma- 
chine as from the hen, but the hen-hatched chicks 
are a trifle better in quality which trifle is a good 
deal in a show bird. The principal item of ex- 
pense in natural incubation is labor. If bne is 
breeding on a small scale and has plenty of "spare 



192 Janes's Up-to-Now 

time" the natural system is therefore the cheaper 
but where the labor is hired artificial incubation 
will be found the cheaper system. 

The value of a broody hen's time is practically 
nothing as it requires nearly as long to "break 
up" a broody hen and start her to laying again 
as it does to allow her to hatch a brood of chicks 
and she will lay all the better later in life for a 
little rest. It is not natural incubation when a 
hen is set in a nest of dry straw high off the 
ground. Natural incubation is found where the 
hen "steals her nest." When allowed to "steal 
her nest," the hen selects some secluded, well 
sheltered spot and builds her nest on the ground 
using a very little grass to encircle it and retain 
the heat. The eggs are directly on the moist 
soil and nearly every egg hatches. 

The setting hens should have a house and 
yard by themselves away from the laying hens. 

The nests should be alike and all placed in 
as equally attractive places as possible to prevent 
the hens fighting for the favorite nests. 

Each nest should be not less than 12x14x14 
ad should be provided with a door to confine the 



Doctor and Receipt Book 193 

hen and darken the nest when desirable. The 
nesting" material should be soil or an inverted sod 
and a very little straw and the soil should be kept 
slightly moist during the entire period. Except 
when hatching it is best to allow the hens to leave 
the nest and return at will except in the case of 
a few who are disposed to drive other hens from 
their nests. Care should be taken that each hen 
leaves her nest long enough to take a little exer- 
cise each day for the first few days after being 
set as, if she does not, she will become a victim 
of diarrhoea. After the first few days the hens 
will leave the nest as often as necessary. The 
food for the broody hen should be whole com 
and sharp grit kept constantly before them and 
plenty of green food. When the chicks begin to 
hatch the door to the nest should be closed till 
the hatch is over. This prevents the hen leaving 
the nest before all the chicks are ready and also 
prevents interference from the other hens. If the 
hen appears restless after the eggs begin to pip 
it will prevent her smashing to death some of 
the chicks to remove the nest (after closing the 
door) to a dark room. As a rule, however, the 



194 Janes's Up-to-Now 

less one "fusses" with a setting hen the better, 
^especially after she begins to hatch. 

Printed directions for operating are always 
sent with incubators and it is generally best to 
follow closely the directions, but one should al- 
ways use common sense. 

I remember the directions for one of the first 
incubators I used called for a ten minute cooling 
of the eggs at the start and gradually increased 
the time to thirty minutes on the morning of 
the 18th day, making no allowance for outside 
temperature. Now any boy knows that eggs hav- 
ing a temperature of 100 degrees F. would cool 
as much in 10 minutes in an atmosphere of 60 
degrees F. as they would in 20 minutes in an 
atmosphere of 80 degrees F. Common sense is 
necessary in all things. The length of time al- 
lowed for cooling the eggs must necessarily de- 
pend upon the temperature of the atmosphere but 
at no time during the period of incubation should 
they be cooled long enough to feel cold to the 
touch. Nearly all the authorities agree that 101 
degrees F. to 102 degrees F. is the best temper- 
ature for the first two weeks and 103 degrees for 



Doctor and Receipt Book 195 

the third week. The greatest danger from over- 
heating is during the first few days of incuba- 
tion. 

The moisture question is the hardest question 
of all to solve and the question upon which nearly 
all incubator manufacturers disagree. Most in- 
cubator manufacturers include hygrometers with 
their operating outfits for measuring the humid- 
ity of the air in the air chamber. But the point ^t 
which the hygrometer should register varies with 
the incubator, because rapidly moveing air car- 
ries away much more moisture from the eggs 
than air that moves more slowly. The appearance 
of the egg when held to the tester in a dark room 
is a very safe guide to the amount of moisture 
to use. If the embryo shows a distinct black spot 
close to the shell of the egg with bright scarlet 
red veins there is either insufficient moisture or 
the temperature has been too high. On the 
sixth day the embryo should show an indistinct 
outline with dull red veins. This shows that the 
embryo is deep in the egg and encircled with 
plenty of watery albumen. There are many 



196 Janes's Up-to-Now 

methods of supplying moisture such as water 
pans, sponges, sand pans, and sprinkling. 

I have receive best results by placing a pan of 
water five or six inches under the ventilator in 
the bottom of the machine and running a common 
lamp wick from the water pan up through the 
ventilating hole. In this way the air coming into 
the machine becomes moisture laden by coming 
in contact with the damp lamp wick from which 
the moisture is evaporating. After the 14th day 
of incubation the wick should generally be de- 
tached till the 19th day when much moisture is 
again needed to moisten the lining of the egg- 
shells and make it easy for the chicks to break. 
If the air is very dry it will be found beneficial 
to sprinkle the eggs before they begin to pip as 
all ventilators should be wide open while the 
chicks are hatching and this makes a circulation 
of that will carry away considerable moisture. 
The chicks should remain in the machine till all 
are thoroughly dry when they may be removed 
to the brooder. 

The fireless brooder has grown much in favor 
during the past few years principally because it 



Doctor and Receipt Book 197 

is very low in first cost. Counting cost of labor, 
however, it is much the most expensive system 
of brooding. 

For the housewife who has plenty of time to 
devote to raising a few broilers for the family 
table the fireless system has its advantages but 
for the man who makes a business of raising 
poultry on a large scale the fireless system is not 
practical. It requires much time to teach the 
chicks to go into the brooder to get warm and in 
any but very warm weather they require almost 
constant attention the first week to prevent chill- 
ing. Good results have been obtained by operat- 
ing the fireless brooder house but this is not 
so satisfactory as the heated brooder and cold 
brooder house system. 

With the fireless system the chicks must be 
kept in small flocks of about 25 each to prevent 
their smothering when crowding to get warm. 
With heated brooders, (those having the correct 
principles of heat and ventilation) chicks have 
been successfully brooded in flocks of over one 
thousand to the brooder thus reducing the cost of 
labor to a minimum. 



198 Janes's Up-to-Now 

A brooder should be so constructed that it is 
warmest in the center and grows gradually cooler 
as it approaches the outer edge. It should then 
be kept warm enough so the chicks keep a little 
distance from the center. With this system a 
regulator is useless, if there is too much heat near 
the center of the brooder the chicks go nearer 
the outside of the hover where the air is cooler. 
A thermometer is useless in any brooder. You 
cannot measure comfort with a thermometer. 
Simply keep the chicks comfortably warm regard- 
less of temperature, that is all that is necessary. 

When one con obtain hens to do the brooding 
this will be found much the cheapest and best 
system. During the winter months it is best to 
confine the hens in lath coops in colony houses, 
letting the chicks have the run of the house after 
the first few days when they will all return to 
their proper mothers if there are not more than 
four to six hens to the house. Of course with 
this system the chicks must be kept in smaller 
flocks than where artificial brooders are used but 
the hens require practically no care at all while 
the artificial brooders do. The small chicks do 



Doctor and Receipt Book 199 

not readily learn the way in and out of the colony 
house so it is better to use individual outdoor 
brood coops during warm weather but early in 
the season the colony house is much better as 
there is then no advantage in an outside run until 
the chicks are five or six weeks old when they 
readily learn the way in and out. The floor of 
the colony house should always be of boards, 
likewise the floors of the brood coops, as earth 
floors are always more or less damp and cannot 
be thoroughly cleaned without removing the 
earth. The litter on the earth floor is liable to 
mould and cause white diarrhoea. Not more than 
twenty chicks should be given one hen and if the 
weather is very cold, so the chicks must spend 
much of their time under the hen, fifteen to each 
hen is better. The individual brood coops should 
be not less than thirty inches square with floor, 
roof and three sides perfectly tight. The roof 
should project about eight inches over the front 
of the coop and the top of the frpnt should be 
confined, especially in hot weather to give venti- 
lation when the rest of the front is closed on cold" 
nights. When the chicks are small the hen should 



200 Janes's Up-to-Now 

be confined, especially in hot weather, as she is 
very industrious in searching for food and if given 
her liberty will wear the chicks out to keep up 
with her. In this way many chicks are stunted 
and others killed. Where one has a cornfield or 
orchard for the chicks to range in so that they 
are not kept in the sun long at a time there is not 
so much danger. A small slatted run may be 
used in front of the brood coops to confine the 
hen when she will be comfortable in warm 
weather if the run is well shaded. After the 
chicks are several weeks old the hen may be 
given her liberty and she will find a large number 
of insects for the chocks. C. A. S. 



The Advantage of Incubator 
Over the Hen 

So many people ask, and especially those 
starting in the poultry business, this question: 
"Which is the more successful in hatching- chick- 
ens, the hen or the incubator?" 

I don't think there is any doubt in the minds 
of most poultry raisers about the hen being the 
best to hatch the greatest per cent of fertile eggs. 
There can be so much said on both sides of this 
subject and at the finish the question would still 
be asked. If I had a great number of hens and 
could dispense with the eggs they might lay I 
would use hens altogether, provided they would 
get broods early enough. And that one reason 
has caused hundreds of people to use incubators. 

In saving eggs for hatching you can set them 
when they are fresher, say, 15 or 30 at a time 
when using hens, whereas saving for incubator 



202 Janes's Up-to-Now 

you keep the first until you have, say 100 or 
more. Of coure the first saved as not as Hable to 
hatch as the last ones (eggs should be turned 
while saving, too). 

Having your eggs saved nice and smooth, all 
of one color and size, you don't have to wait on 
the hen but can start your incubator as early as 
you wish, and rest assured the machine won't 
"fight," "peck," or leave the eggs. You may neg- 
lect the lamp but the machine will stay right 
there, and I am sorry to say Biddy doesn't al- 
ways do so. The fighting one can put up with, 
but when she sits a week and leaves her nest of 
your choice and sometimes valuable eggs one cer- 
tainly does feel "sore." I have heard of people 
that could get 95 and 96 per cent of chickens and 
125 chicks from 135 eggs and so on. I have heard 
of it only. Those are the people to use incubators 
altogether. I can not get such results. I only 
wish I could. I would never take any chances 
with hens. But I feel that if we get 50 per cent 
in January or February the ones hatched then 
will be worth more than two or three times as 
many chickens hatched two months later, or when 



Doctor and Receipt Book 203 

the hens get broody. The earlier chickens do so 
much better and seem to be stronger and more 
thrifty. In my experience I raised a greater per 
cent of the ones hatched early than at any time 
after. They seem to grow from the very start 
and are good sized chicks before the weather gets 
very warm. Most people are more energetic and 
ambitious at the first of the season, and one can 
hardly wait until the little fluffy balls of down 
are hatched. It is very interesting, and later I 
think one loses the interest to a certain extent, 
and the last ones don't have the same care and 
attention that our first chicks get, and especially 
is this the case if one has lost very many. 

I think one great advantage the incubator 
chicks have is that they are more gentle than 
those let to run with hens; especially in show 
birds you notice this. It is only natural for a 
judge to favor a fine bird that poses and "talks 
back" to him, to one that is easily frightened. 

Also the brooder chicks learn to depend on 
themselves in case of rain and soon learn to run 
under the hover, while a hen nine times out of 
ten will stop under a small bush and try to hover 



204 Janes*s Up-to-Now 

her flock and possibly start out with them 
through the wet grass and water. 

As "the early bird catches the worm," so it 
is the best bird that takes the ribbon. Usually 
the early ones are the best, so we may change it 
to "The early bird catches the ribbon." 

MRS. A. G. WRIGHT. 



Raising Poultry on a Town Lot 

We have two of the Prince T. Wood open-air 
houses, and the front is left open both summer 
and winter. The droppings boards are in the 
north part of the house and are fastened to the 
north wall about two feet above the floor, with 
the roosts just a little above them. Both the 
houses have dirt floors covered about eight to 
twelve inches deep with straw and leaves. 

In the summer the hens are allowed to run 
into an open pen, but when it is cold or there is 
any frost on the ground the hens are never 
allowed out of the houses. 

Our method of feeding is as follows: In the 
morning we throw about an ounce of feed per 
hen into the litter for them to warm up on. At 
noon we give them a green feed of cabbage, man- 
gel wurzels, or sprouted oats, and a few more 
handfuls of wheat or kaffir in the litter. At 
night, between four and five o'clock, a full feed 



206 Janes's Up-to-Now 

of about two ounces per hen is given. This is 
kaffir or wheat in the summer and corn and 
kaffir corn in the winter. 

Besides these feeds we keep a dry mash be- 
fore the hens at all times. This is a mixture of 
6 parts shots, 4 parts bran, 4 parts commeal, 4 
parts coarse meal, 1 part oil meal, and 1 part 
alfalfa meal. Let them have slightly warmed 
water in the winter to take off the chill, three 
or four times a day. Also keep grit, oyster shell, 
charcoal, and dry wheat bran in hoppers all the 
time. In very cold weather the grain for the 
litter can be warmed to a good advantage. In 
the summer time we also have green feed from 
the garden, and this lessens the amount of 
sprouted oats given. This seems like lots of work 
to feed a few fowls but for the last five years it 
has been bringing in a good profit for the amount 
invested, besides furnishing a lot of pleasure and 
outdoor exercise. B. W. 



Recipe that will Prevent and 
Cure Chicken Cholera 

Carbolic acid, blue vitriol, salt peter, copperas, 
of each two ounces. Dissolve in four gallons of 
water, then put one pint in four quarts water 
and give chickens to drink two or three times a 
week when cholera is in the neighborhood and 
you need have no fear of losing chickens. 

Here is a louse killer that cannot be beat and 
should be kept at all times not only on the farm 
but any place there is a few chickens. 

Take naphthalene 1 pound 

Sulphur 1 pound 

Scotch snuff 6 ounces 

Whiting 3 pounds 

Mix and you have it. This is absolutely cer- 
tain and will not, as many other lice destroyers, 
kill the little chicks. Also first clean the hen 



208 Janes's Up-to-Now 

house thoroughly and dust a Hberal supply in the 
nests and on the roosts and in case the little 
chicks have mites on them, catch the old hen and 
dust her good and this will be a plenty for the 
little chicks. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 



209 




Thoroughbred German Coach Horse from the Pratt County 
Waldock Lake Ranch, J. C. Bergner & Sons, Props. 



Turon, Kansas, February 7th, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

The bearer of this letter, Dr. S. R. Janes, has 
done business with this bank for several years 
and, we have found him perfectly honest and 
square in all dis dealings with us. 
Very respectfully, 
E. E. smvE, 
Cashier, The Farmers' State Bank. 



210 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Turon, Kansas, February 10, 1913. 
I'o Whom It May Concern : — 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for the past seven years and have always 
found him to be a man of integrity and honesty. 
He has practiced Veterinary Surgery in Turon 
during all of our acquaintance with unusual suc- 
cess and I believe him to be authority on all 
subjects pertaining to his profession. 

G. E. FORNEY, Druggist. 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I have known Dr. S. R. Janes for the past 
eight years during which time he has lived in 
Turon and know he has made a success of what- 
ever he has undertaken and himself and family 
are considered among our best citizens. He is 
a veterinary surgeon of more than ordinary abil- 
ity and his honesty and integrity is above re- 
proach. 

W. B. REAM, 
Editor Press, 

Mayor of Turon. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 211 

Greensburg, Kansas, Feb. 9, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I have known Dr. S. R. Janes for some time 
and have ever found him a man of faultless honor 
and integrity. 

He is a Christian man and worthy the confi- 
dence of any man. 

In his particular field of work he has had 
large success and so far as I know has won the 
respect of those with whom he has dealt. 

As a Christian gentlemen meriting your high- 
est confidence, I heartily recommend him to you. 
Yours very truly, 

D. F. CROSS, 
Pastor Christian Church, 
Greensburg, Kansas, 
(Formerly of Turon.) 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
This is to certify that we have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for the past eight years and as a citizen 
of our community he has proved himself a gentle- 
man in every respect and speaking of him as a 
veterinary, he is considered one of the best in 



212 Janes's Up-to-Now 

the State. His record as a veterinary in this 
community has been very satisfactory. 

We take great pleasure in recommending Dr. 
Janes to all who have never met him, both as 
a gentleman and a veterinary. 

Yours respectfully, 

E. 0. ALLMON, * 

Gen. Merchandise. 



Turon, Kansas, Feb. 8, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern :— 

I can confidently recommend Dr. S. R. Janes 
as a reliable, competent and thorough veterinary. 
Have known him for a term of years and 
always found him conducting himself as a Chris- 
tian gentleman and faithfully discharging his 
duties with honor to the community and credit 
to himself. 

It gives me pleasure to speak a word for such 
a man, knowing he justly merits the confidence 
and support of any one desiring his services. 

ERNEST M. ROWELL, 
Turon Merchant. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 213 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

Be it known that the bearer is a personal 
acquaintance of mine having known him for the 
past eleven years and know him to be an honest, 
upright Christian gentleman, and a veterinary of 
no mean ability. Any dealings he may have with 
the public will be honestly and conscientiously 
transacted on his part. Bearer, S. R. Janes, V. S. 

By ED. S. GRAY, 

Barber Merchant. 



Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern :— 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for a number of years, and can recommend 
him in every way. He is a good Christian gentle- 
man, and honest and straight in all of his deal- 
ings as far as I know. His work for me has 
always been satisfactory. 

Very truly yours, 

E. M. GREENMAN, 

Gen. Merchandise. 



214 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
We, the undersigned, will say, with frankness, 
that we find Dr. S. R. Janes to be a straig-ht, up- 
right man in every respect in his chosen profes- 
sion and every day life. Courteous to his fellow 
man and well liked by all who have had the 
pleasure of meeting him. 

We can highly recommend him to all who may 
have a chance to meet him. 

SHERMAN AND NELSON, 
Liverymen. 



Hutchinson, Kansas, Jan. 9, 1913. 
This is to certify that Dr. Janes of Turon is 
personally known to me to be not only a Chris- 
tian gentleman, but a first class veterinary sur- 
geon. Gladly do I add my humble word of com- 
mendation. He understands his work and you 
can depend upon his word. Any favor shown him 
will be appreciated by me. 
Fraternally, 

W. L. HARRIS, Evangelist. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 215 

Conway Springs, Kansas. 
Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

This is to certify that I, as a pastor of the 
Church of which Dr. S. R. Janes was a member, 
at Turon, Kansas, can most heartily commend 
him as to Christian character and honesty in his 
business dealings. And furthermore, he having 
done veterinary and dental work for me, I found 
his work most satisfactory. 

Very respectfully, 

H. WRIGHT NICHOLSON, 
Minister. 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 7, 1913. 

To Whom It May Concern : — 

« 

I have known S. R. Janes, V. S., for four years 
of my residence here. 

As for fairness in business and uprightness 
in dealing, I can recommend him. 

He has made good in his profession in this 
community. 

Yours, 

J. R. FORTNA & SON, 
Lumbermen. 



216 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for several years. He has always proved 
himself to be a man of honor and much integrity. 
As a veterinary, he has given high satis- 
faction among our people, I can recommend him 
in whatever project he undertakes to do. 

Sincerely, 

B. H. POPE, M. D. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I have known Dr. S. R. Janes, V. S., for a 
number of years. Have had considerable business 
dealings with him and have found him honest and 
upright in every particular and I can also recom- 
mend his work as a veterinary surgeon. 

J. J. LAMONT, 

Produce Dealer. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

We have known Dr. S. R. Janes for the past 
seven years. We have found him to be a good 



Doctor and Receipt Book 217 

man to do business with in our bank and his 
reputation as a veterinary is first class. We 
believe whatever statements he may make, can 
be relied on, and it is our opinion in whatever 
he undertakes he is able to make good. 

M. H. POTTER, 
President, State Bank of Turon. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

We have known Mr. S. R. Janes, Vet. S., for 
the past several years and have always found 
him ready and willing to carry out anything that 
he has undertaken or agreed to do. He has made 
good in his line in this territory so far as we know 
and our business relations have always been 
very satisfactory. 

Yours very truly, 

POTTER MERCANTILE CO., 
per J. W. Potter, Pres. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I have known Dr. S. R. Janes for the last five 



218 Janes's Up-to-Now 

years; as for fairness and square dealings, I can 
recommend him. 

Yours truly, 

C. MUNHALL, 

Prop. Turon Hotel. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10th, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

This is to certify that I have been acquainted 
with the bearer of this letter, Dr. S. R. Janes, for 
over seven years, and that Dr. Janes bears a 
good reputation in this community and is spoken 
highly of in his profession as a veterinary sur- 
geon. 

Very respectfully, 

W. H. HARPOLE, 

Prop. Restaurant. 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 10, 19ia» 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

Introducing Dr. S. R. Janes of Turon, take 
great pleasure in directing your attention to him 
as one of our leading citizens of excellent repu- 
tation, and character of high moral standard. 



Doctor and Receipt Book 219 

And whose professional opinion and services are 
widely sought by our people. 

C. L. ELY, 
Mgr. Ely Mercantile Co. 

Sioux City, Iowa, Feb. 13, 1913. 
To Whom This May Concern: — 

I have known Dr. S. R. Janes of Turon, Kan- 
sas for over fifteen years, and have always found 
him to be honest in all of his dealings, as a man 
conscientious and upright, a man with a sym- 
pathetic heart for one who may be down, a phil- 
anthropist in rendering them succor. 

As a veterinary, he ranks with those who 
stand at the head of that profession. Not only 
is he skillful in restoring to health the sick ani- 
mal, but he shows the humane spirit in delivering 
a short lecture to the owner of the same, that he 
may know what to do to ward off a future attack, 
or know just what remedy to give that the animal 
may not have to suffer very long before the 
services of a veterinary may be secured ; because 
of these ethical qualifications, and his knowledge 
of his profession he has always succeeded and 
without a doubt always will. 



220 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Therefore it is a great pleasure on my part 
to recompnend him to all who may have use for 
him, in his line of work. 

J. W. VAN DEWALKER, M. D. 



Turon, Kans., Feb. 8, 1913. 
To the Public:— 

Dr. S. R. Janes has been a resident of our 
city for the past eight years, have always found 
him a thoroughly reliable and courteous gentle- 
man. Stands very high professionally through 
this section. 

Yours very sincerely, 

THE TURON MILL & ELE. CO. 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 7, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

We have known Dr. S. R. Janes for several 
years and it is with pleasure we state that we 
always have known him to be a man of advanced 
ideas, good judgment and a man we would not 
hesitate to recommend. Dr. Janes is giving ex- 
cellent satisfaction among our people as a veterin- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 221 

ary and we believe none of them would hesitate 
to second our recommendation. 

Yours very truly, 

C. A. DICKHUT, 

Kansas Hdw. Co. 



Turon, Kans., Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I can cheerfully recommend Dr. S. R. Janes 
both as a veterinary surgeon and as a man of 
high standing. And I believe he will make good 
any promises he makes. 

A. L. SPROUT, 

Mgr. Union Motor Co. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 7, 1913. 
We have personally known Dr. S. R. Janes 
for the past three years. Our business relations 
have been no other than pleasant and as to his 
profession I believe him to be a success. 
Respectfully, 

WALTERS & GRAVES, 

Prop. City Meat Market. 



222 Janes's Up-to-Now 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 10, 1913. 
To All to Whom This May Concern : — 

That I having known Dr. S. R. Janes for a 
number of years have found him to be a gentle- 
man, honest and trustworthy in every respect to 
the best of my knowledge. 

F. A. DEVLIN, 

Jewelryman. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I, manager of Turon Telephone Company, will 
say I have known Dr. Janes for six years. Have 
employed his services as veterinary and am well 
pleased with his work. 

Wishing him success, I remain, 
Yours respectfully, 

H. R. GEESLING, 
Mgr. Turon Telephone Co. 
Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern: — 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for the past six years. That I know him 
to be a professional man and a Christian gentle- 



Doctor and Receipt Book 22-^ 

man. That he stands well in this community 
both socially and professionally. 

M. S. THACHER, M. D. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

Turon, Kans., Feb. 10th, 1913. 
To Whom It May Concern : — 

I can cheerfully recommend Dr. S. R. Janes 
both as veterinary surgeon and as a man of high 
integrity. I believe he will make good in any 
promise he makes to the public. 

W. W. ZINK, 

City Marshal. 

Turon, Kansas, Feb. 10, 1913. 
To Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting ; 

This is to certify that I have known Dr. S. R. 
Janes for a number of years, and can recommend 
him as a man of honor and a workman second 
to none in his profession. 

F. L. ELY, 
Prop. Palace Restaurant. 




W. H. BOYD 
Who Assisted in the Compilation of this Book 



APR 10 I91S 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




